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Created: 2025-07-05 14:32:00 UTC

Metal sticks together in space

In a vacuum, like outer space, two pieces of identical metal can stick together without heat or pressure. This phenomenon is called cold welding. On Earth, this reaction is impossible because there is always a layer of oxides or moisture between the surfaces. In a vacuum, these layers disappear, and the metals “think” they are one, so their atoms fuse at the molecular level.

Cold welding is a problem for satellites and spacecraft, where moving metal parts (such as hinges or fasteners) can unexpectedly stick together permanently. The effect was first observed in 1985 on an ESA satellite, and engineers have been taking it into account in their designs ever since. Different materials, lubricants and coatings are used to prevent unintentional sticking in a vacuum.

![](https://pbs.twimg.com/amplify_video_thumb/1941502987148378112/img/Q7LJAuA8e9AgolNz.jpg)

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**Related Topics**
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