#  @KarlPfleger Karl Pfleger Karl Pfleger posts on X about lev, in the, list, health the most. They currently have [-----] followers and [---] posts still getting attention that total [--] engagements in the last [--] hours. ### Engagements: [--] [#](/creator/twitter::1242572367928291330/interactions)  - [--] Week [-----] +216% - [--] Month [-----] +58% - [--] Months [------] -83% - [--] Year [-------] -66% ### Mentions: [--] [#](/creator/twitter::1242572367928291330/posts_active)  - [--] Week [--] no change - [--] Month [--] +32% - [--] Months [---] +22% - [--] Year [---] +33% ### Followers: [-----] [#](/creator/twitter::1242572367928291330/followers)  - [--] Week [-----] +0.50% - [--] Month [-----] +1.30% - [--] Months [-----] +8.50% - [--] Year [-----] +23% ### CreatorRank: [---------] [#](/creator/twitter::1242572367928291330/influencer_rank)  ### Social Influence **Social category influence** [currencies](/list/currencies) [finance](/list/finance) [stocks](/list/stocks) [technology brands](/list/technology-brands) [nhl](/list/nhl) [countries](/list/countries) [celebrities](/list/celebrities) [social networks](/list/social-networks) [automotive brands](/list/automotive-brands) [travel destinations](/list/travel-destinations) **Social topic influence** [lev](/topic/lev), [in the](/topic/in-the), [list](/topic/list), [health](/topic/health), [list of](/topic/list-of), [study](/topic/study), [data](/topic/data), [the most](/topic/the-most), [a list](/topic/a-list), [humans](/topic/humans) **Top assets mentioned** [Alphabet Inc Class A (GOOGL)](/topic/$googl) [Populous (PPT)](/topic/populous) [Tesla, Inc. (TSLA)](/topic/tesla) [GLP1 (GLP1)](/topic/glp1) [Enzyme (MLN)](/topic/enzyme) [AbbVie Inc (ABBV)](/topic/$abbv) [BRYAN (BRYAN)](/topic/bryan) ### Top Social Posts Top posts by engagements in the last [--] hours "Very proud of my portfolio company Juvena on its $41M series A Great biz model platform team Secreted proteins (esp f/ stem cells) have amazing potential to improve health in diverse disease categories & likely to REJUVENATE important aspects of health. https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20221108005193/en/Juvena-Therapeutics-Secures-41-Million-to-Accelerate-the-Discovery-and-Development-of-Biologics-for-Chronic-and-Age-Related-Diseases" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1590420921311203328) 2022-11-09T19:07Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@ModKees @strygah The Fable of the Dragon-Tyrant is great. More people should link it and read it & read it to their kids (I did). Note that I've now linked it as an honorable mention from in the "other lists of objections & counterarguments" sheet. http://AgingBiotech.info/objections https://nickbostrom.com/fable/dragon http://AgingBiotech.info/objections https://nickbostrom.com/fable/dragon" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1645560861287911426) 2023-04-10T22:54Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "Proud of my portfolio company Amprion for their -synuclein test just hailed as major PD breakthrough by MJFF with publication of new Lancet paper "the most significant breakthrough yet in the search for a Parkinsons biomarker" https://www.michaeljfox.org/publication/michael-j-fox-foundation-announces-significant-breakthrough-search-parkinsons-biomarker http://AmprionDx.com https://www.michaeljfox.org/publication/michael-j-fox-foundation-announces-significant-breakthrough-search-parkinsons-biomarker http://AmprionDx.com" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1646653998693511169) 2023-04-13T23:18Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "I'm starting to see lists of changes needed before the next pandemic but they all miss eradicating vitamin D deficiency despite the overwhelming evidence of its importance. On the order of half the world is deficient & deficiency clearly impairs immune function. There are now (at min) [--] big systematic meta-analyses of vitamin D & Covid since Dec'21. [--] study D levels & [--] supplementation. Newest both. Strong consistent & highly statistically significant results: Low D raises & supplementation lowers all stages of Covid risk by 1.5-3x 🧵 https://t.co/sODKnrOUq5 There are now (at min) [--] big" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1656665088949116928) 2023-05-11T14:18Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "The efficiency of targeting pathologies underlying many aging diseases is too important not to prioritize. The econ benefit is huge concluded "a slowdown in aging that increases life expectancy by [--] year is worth US$38 trillion and by [--] years US$367t" https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-021-00080-0 https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-021-00080-0" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1699924363926212808) 2023-09-07T23:15Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@guilherme_paiao @Aging_Scientist @fedichev @DocLarus @mkaeberlein @MaxUnfried @NirBarzilaiMD CR extends lifespan more than exercise. Diet should be 1st most important lifestyle factor optimized not exercise. So exercise can't offset overeating in mice as much as rapa can. Not the point. No data that rapa has benefit in mice that aren't overfed right Nor in humans" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1710461456783990894) 2023-10-07T01:06Z [----] followers, [--] engagements ""Our findings here show that just giving patients some Vit D does not help them achieve optimal levels" Just b/c a trial is big doesn't mean it answers the right question. Most failed D trials don't negate the hypothesis that raising levels f/ low to sufficient improves health" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1732514731372560596) 2023-12-06T21:37Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Of course the real credit goes to the content creators so FYI & thanks to @BioAgePodcast @BuckInstitute @AgingJrnl @theA4LI @gblander1 @longecity_org @Ryan0Shea @aasthajs @ihmc_stemtalk @Longevity_Forum @davidasinclair @vita_dao @agingdoc1 @BioVerge @foresightinst & the rest plus all the guests" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1748065539250164100) 2024-01-18T19:31Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "I shared my views of the field: important vs trad healthcare impact of lifestyle vs next-gen therapeutics in development sub-areas of the field I think are promising & have biotech startups what clocks are/aren't currently good for why I made & more" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1750675558143496534) 2024-01-26T00:22Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Full transcript at the above link & 1hr audio version available on all major podcast platforms with links from the SuperAge main web page to Apple Google & Spotify podcast versions" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1750675559364084042) 2024-01-26T00:22Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "I don't try to grow my social media following by posting provocative stuff amplifying the popular posting many simple links to latest news/papers or typical 'influencer' activity. I lean towards thoughtful posts that synthesize/organize/summarize especially important stuff" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1751324624603041959) 2024-01-27T19:21Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "That's not a recipe for social media dominance & that's fine. I nonetheless just hit [----] followers here on X. Not huge by any means but I'm proud that they include many high level scientists & biotech entrepreneurs & investors especially in the aging/longevity area" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1751324625878065266) 2024-01-27T19:21Z [--] followers, [---] engagements "Was nice to be included in this top [---] on X for longevity Generally are there better metrics to judge following on X (or LinkedIn) than # followers Eg PageRank-esque Or ways to judge following of "Science-Twitter" specifically Any common favorites There you have it https://t.co/vtVfkwikvn There you have it https://t.co/vtVfkwikvn" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1751324627081834731) 2024-01-27T19:21Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Brief thread about international frustrating at officialdom from many in the scientific & medical community for what appears to be willful dismissal of scientific evidence that vitamin D is important for immune function & Covid:" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1752083980143530236) 2024-01-29T21:39Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "I've had the privilege of meeting & working w/ many global research experts on vitD since start of pandemic as well as many medical practitioners & experts in public health. Those who have followed me on social media or read through my pinned posts can see a lot of the science" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1752083981544325283) 2024-01-29T21:39Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@TomStiles16 Not looking for validation just trying to correct misinterpretation & highlight an apparent contradiction. mTOR inhibitors (eg rapa) seem beneficial even when started late in life yet this paper suggests increasing protein (which should increase mTOR) is better late in life" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1756705719724982289) 2024-02-11T15:44Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@TomStiles16 We can add this to other apparent contradictions in the aging field: Hyperbaric oxygen seems beneficial but other data show living at low-oxygen altitude is good. Taurine supplementation seems good but much other data show the healthiest diets are those lowest in taurine (WFPB)" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1756706426880422054) 2024-02-11T15:47Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "just fullyupdated. [--] changes of note: A new top book burst onto the list in the (objectively ranked) top spot And a new separate sublist/tab for books primarily concerned w/ how to optimize lifestyle for longevity. Details below:" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1757056489100075386) 2024-02-12T14:58Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Obesity is the hot topic in biotech/pharma right now. Alas I fear this may be a bad thing for the aging field something that sidetracks the field. I'm prob one of the few not to fully celebrate BioAge's recent huge series D round. I'm good friends with the company & happy for its growth & funding but the accompanying pivot to obesity is disappointing to me. Obviously this helped unlock the money so maybe the tradeoff is worth it if it helps fund the field or catapult it to wider recognition & acceptance. Jury is still out on those. But I hate obesity & metabolic diseases (ie T2D) as" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1763007442487746715) 2024-02-29T01:05Z [----] followers, 36.1K engagements "@kgiperez The usual way to ensure generality if using premature aging models is to use at least [--] ideally 3+ diff causes of accelerated aging & show that the therapy rescues all of them. But how many of the drugs for obesity are going to be tested in eg progeroid humans or astronauts too" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1763593545351668216) 2024-03-01T15:54Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@kgiperez (PS But of course BioAge's muscle atrophy therapy would probably be great for the astronauts/space model/application. I'm pro work on muscle aging because to me muscle aging seems much more universal & inevitable than obesity & metabolic syndrome.)" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1763610759022727284) 2024-03-01T17:02Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@timrpeterson @LNuzhna @fedichev Peter has not yet convinced the SENS crowd or me that SENS (or a variant of it) is not a plan capable of helping everyone including the healthiest people" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1764328950799704502) 2024-03-03T16:36Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "Secondary point: Lab mice fed adlib are not good models of mice in evolutionary conditions which get more exercise & less food. Average modern humans (ie clinical trial populations drawn f/ the general public) in developed countries are not good models of humans in evolutionary normal conditions who are far less overweight & metabolically unhealthy. Some fraction of modern humans are lifelong lean & active but aging still affects these people who all fail to live past [---]. Thus efficacy in typical lab mouse may not translate to benefit for all mice & efficacy in an avg human trial cohort may" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1764373740094435675) 2024-03-03T19:34Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Side comment: Bioage was only a side comment. If anyone can do obesity & still limit themselves to MOAs/Tx that generalize to help the overall solve-aging mission it's them esp w/ Kristen at helm. I brought it up only as a sign b/c I think many other companies are likely to make similar pivots given the vast $ in obesity right now & I worry this will sidetrack a portion of the field" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1764373741830914334) 2024-03-03T19:34Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Tried to rephrase/summarize after the feedback/comments here & elsewhere in new post: Thx everyone for recent discussion. Here's a rephrasing+summary to separate points people took separate issue with & to try to make clearer the common ground that I think most of us agree about. There are [--] related but separable points/issues which I'll put in separate Tweets. Thx everyone for recent discussion. Here's a rephrasing+summary to separate points people took separate issue with & to try to make clearer the common ground that I think most of us agree about. There are [--] related but separable" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1764375840161513877) 2024-03-03T19:42Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Apparent contradictions in aging research: More or less oxygen More or less taurine More or less protein Late-life mTOR/protein/rapamycin up or down What else A thread" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1769766685060337812) 2024-03-18T16:43Z [----] followers, 13.2K engagements "Oxygen: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) ie high O2 generated some excitement recently but long-term high-altitude low-oxygen has much data showing improved longevity" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1769766686717100059) 2024-03-18T16:43Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Late-life mTOR/protein/rapamycyin: Protein upregulates mTOR. Rapamycin downregulates it. Late-life rapa provides longevity benefits but a famous paper suggests net mortality benefits from raising protein intake in late life" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1769766692580684027) 2024-03-18T16:43Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Potential resolutions: Oxygen: HBOT is intermittent vs constant low-O2 of altitude Or altitude living correlates w/ other stuff (eg more exercise)" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1769766694178689525) 2024-03-18T16:43Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@MicahZoltu Certainly there's the science about kids exposure to dirt being good though that may be more about avoiding autoimmune stuff eg allergies than aging related stuff" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1769821145274990721) 2024-03-18T20:20Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@MicahZoltu Potential resolution: Maybe it's dose: not none & not a severe case. Maybe it's about not having impaired immune function when infected. Eg maybe data on persistent infections & eg dementias mostly f/ ppl w/ severe cases due to deficiency of eg vitD mag zinc selenium etc" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1769822471161561462) 2024-03-18T20:25Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@johnhemming4mp @marc_dema also noted in a reply that it's the return to normoxia that's important. So if it's just the derivative (decreasing O2) that matters can hyperbaric chamber results be obtained by suddenly dropping from norm to lower instead Or cycling up/down @KarlPfleger We have shown that hypoxia restrains the SASP and there are evidences for other geroprotective functions. The paradox hyperoxia-hypoxia can be explained by the fact that when tissues return to normoxia after a period of hyperoxia they seem to activate hypoxic mechanisms @KarlPfleger We have shown that hypoxia" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1770195304186511558) 2024-03-19T21:07Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@mitchellblee33 @mkaeberlein @kapahi_pankaj The aging field has just as clear a goal: to end (adult) aging (not child development but the aging after achievement of adulthood). There's no big debate on this. Diffs are just on relative priorities on the way or what to settle for if above not fully achievable" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1772008852139204874) 2024-03-24T21:13Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "You claim that a cancer cure had more clear precedent than an aging cure seems like opinion to me not defensible fact. No disease remotely as complex had ever been fully cured. CVD (perhaps closest in complexity) hadn't seen much of a dent by then. To the extent one wants to use curing much simpler diseases as claimed precedent we have a perfectly good simpler precedent/analogy for defeating aging in classic car restoration & maintenance an analogy multiple of the top people in the field have used time & time again. But regardless of how good any precedents were that doesn't necessarily mean" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1772010591005372800) 2024-03-24T21:20Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Artificial Intelligence as a field has much in common with the aging/longevity field. I hadn't realized how many parallels until thinking about it this week. (These are my former & current fields respectively.) A list of similarities:" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1772690306523107619) 2024-03-26T18:21Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Funny (or really not-so-funny) aside: Nixon is quoted in [----] saying about the signing of the cancer act: "I hope that in the years ahead that we look back on this as being the most significant action taken during this Administration. If only" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1772712749618893084) 2024-03-26T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Artificial Intelligence as a field has much in common w/ aging/longevity. See If ever there was a field that suffered over-hype/optimism as much as aging it's AI. Those in aging may not know some of this history. Hopefully the below is illuminating. Artificial Intelligence as a field has much in common with the aging/longevity field. I hadn't realized how many parallels until thinking about it this week. (These are my former & current fields respectively.) A list of similarities: Artificial Intelligence as a field has much in common with the aging/longevity field. I hadn't realized how many" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1772712751565041791) 2024-03-26T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "1958 also saw experts Newell & Simon predict "within ten years a digital computer will be the world's chess champion". They were off by 4x as it took 40yrs instead (before Deep Blue beat Kasparov). The above Navy prediction didn't have a date but prob didn't mean 60+ yrs" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1772712767323038057) 2024-03-26T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Even when researchers acknowledge limitations press sometimes doesn't as in [----] when IBM's Watson won Jeopardy vs [--] humans. Some reasonable articles but also: "The machines are taking over" & "Jeopardy Proves the End Is Nigh Watson Will Enslave Us Soon"" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1772712769114017847) 2024-03-26T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Epigenetic changes: Some success w/ in- or ex-vivo partial reprogramming seems almost likely in 5-15yrs (esp of things like HSCs or other stem cells) given preclin data huge funding & # companies eg Altos Retro NewLimit Turn Life Shift Junevity " [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1775249568084758909) 2024-04-02T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "ECM: Breaking crosslinks at least in easy-access areas (arteries eyes) prob just enzyme engineering (eg Revel Pharma Lento Bio). Targeted chelation ECM growth factors & ECM injection in preclin too (eg Elastrin Elastin Bio XM Tx). 5-15yr progress certainly possible" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1775249569389187337) 2024-04-02T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Aging less functional stem cells: Lots of preclin data showing stem cell rejuvenation via injection of young stem cells or their secretions eg Juvena Immunis (ph1/2a). Other approaches being researched too inc drugs. Progress seems achievable in 5-15yrs" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1775249575118606519) 2024-04-02T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Intracellular junk eg lipofuscin: Also mostly understood enzyme engineering plus delivery. Eg Lysoclear (part of Ichor in late preclin). Just maybe this approach could handle microplastic accumulation too. Progress conceivable in 10-20yrs for at least some tissue/cell types" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1775249576498467058) 2024-04-02T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@stanete @MikhailBatin @maggie_1i This comment seems to indicate some kind of misunderstanding about what the SENS approach is" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1775265135009091717) 2024-04-02T20:52Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@f2yHyhzLxd86489 Year of achievement of LEV will differ by birth year. There'll be a transition period where enough advances have happened for the folks then young but not those then old. Any guess on year for any birth cohort will have huge confidence intervals" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1775280222675611895) 2024-04-02T21:52Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@f2yHyhzLxd86489 That said most optimist end of my 95% confidence interval is we're on path to LEV for most people today60yo. Pessimistic end hard to pinpoint. Prob those today 18yo may hit [---] but prob not 250+/LEV. Much depends on how fast funding rises" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1775283859703361685) 2024-04-02T22:07Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "New rating named San Francisco healthiest populous US city partly for lowest % obese adults: 19% 19% obese adults is LOWEST Wow 😔 SF [----] was 15% All US avg [----] = 19% Slowing aging by 1yr worth $38T economically Obesity speeds aging by more than that. US obesity rates have doubled since late 1970s (just less than [--] generations). Society is shooting itself in the foot in a big way. https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-021-00080-0 https://wallethub.com/edu/healthiest-cities/31072 https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-021-00080-0 https://wallethub.com/edu/healthiest-cities/31072" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1775956503163457909) 2024-04-04T18:40Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Proud of Marco & my portfolio company Rubedo for a new big ($40M) round on the way to effective senolytics likely the 1st big rejuvenation therapies to clinic. Rubedo's moving fast. This is my 2nd Rubedo round. Notable: Hevolution picked Rubedo for [--] of its 1st few investments. Rubedo lands $40m to advance senescence-targeting therapeutics into clinical trials. Longevity biotech @LifeRubedo plans Phase [--] #senotherapeutics trial this year as it seeks to keep people biologically young. #longevity #investment #senescence https://t.co/dp07wVlvUV Rubedo lands $40m to advance senescence-targeting" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1782438308829896985) 2024-04-22T15:56Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "@LongevityTech @Founders_Forum @brenthoberman @LDNTechWeek Megatrends have long 'moments' & aging/longevity is gonna be a big megatrend. It's moment started a few years ago & will continue for a good while" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1788592021458014267) 2024-05-09T15:29Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@ArtemyShumskiy @irat1onal @RyanBethencourt @vkhosla @SynBioBeta I think # ppl willing to eat healthy would also rise if restaurants had the healthy options. If a restaurant near me had Ornish-compliant meals I'd eat there frequently. If a chain that existed along most highways & in most airports did ditto" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1788951323146330302) 2024-05-10T15:16Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@ArtemyShumskiy @irat1onal @RyanBethencourt @vkhosla @SynBioBeta Sadly almost no restaurants offer Ornish/Esselstyn compliant meals. You'd think Chipotle salads or some of the bowls at Panera look like they might comply but inexplicably even the brown rice at Chipotle has 3x the fat (tot & sat) as steamed brown rice. https://www.reddit.com/r/PlantBasedDiet/comments/199vpl2/comment/kijisov/utm_source=share&utm_medium=web3x&utm_name=web3xcss&utm_term=1&utm_content=share_button" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1788951790672867601) 2024-05-10T15:18Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Many ppl experiment w/ personal use of therapies despite that scientific understanding & eval of many is patchy. What data/analysis exists isn't easy to collect. There's no central place to find links to much of the relevant papers/data. This is meant to be one such collection" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1803578821301641425) 2024-06-20T00:01Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Overall philosophy of is great things on the way from biotech not yet avail. Some ppl don't want to wait but one should be cautious of over-interpreting aging therapy data. This can aid deep dives. A jumping off point maybe better than just a web-search. http://AgingBiotech.info http://AgingBiotech.info" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1803578822593532175) 2024-06-20T00:01Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@EricTopol @ScienceMagazine @jpsenescence Not as complex as soundbites imply. Senescent Cells (SnCs) play good roles transiently (development wound healing etc) but little quality data shows benefits requiring them to be long-lived. This paper (& many like it) would be better if they more clearly emphasized this diff" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1803888672590434507) 2024-06-20T20:32Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "I've now finished Michael Greger's big 640-page book How Not To Age It's now BY FAR my top rec of books on lifestyle for health & slowing aging. It's also a great intro to aging biology. Short 🧵 w/ a slightly more detailed review: https://www.amazon.com/How-Not-Age-Scientific-Healthier/dp/1250796334 https://www.amazon.com/How-Not-Age-Scientific-Healthier/dp/1250796334" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1806419016111812780) 2024-06-27T20:07Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "There was more weirdness in some of TruDiagnostic's other reports. They report some conventional blood biomarkers. I had these tested by LabCorp from the same venous draw but got very diff #s: Specifically they provided estimates of HbA1C creatinine alk phos fasting glucose & albumin which differed from the labcorp measured values by 12-30%. Ryan explained that epigenetic biomarker proxies (EBP) can differ from the actual marker they proxy implying (but I'm not totally clear on this) that the reports numbers were EBPs not direct measurements of the markers from the dried blood spot. He" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1807790453359816803) 2024-07-01T14:56Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Summary take-homes: The opacity of Elysium's test & participation in the community from the TruDiagnostic team plus their openness about whose clocks they are licensing makes me trust them a bit more but the oddities in all this makes me not trust any particular # very much. And I'm not sure how to value GlycanAge vs the methylation based clocks. I've heard it claimed that it mostly measures inflammation. Supposedly they will have a way to diagnose menopause with it coming. But otherwise not sure what to do with GlycanAge estimates when they differ substantially from DNAm ones" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1807790455146598442) 2024-07-01T14:56Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "@VitalikButerin @aidenfknrich @zhouliang_mask This logic of CO2 as proxy for poor ventilation works in unfiltered rooms like school rooms but doesn't the plane filter air thru filters similarly effective to the mask that also filter viruses w/o reducing CO2 thus making CO2 inaccurate as proxy for viral load" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1812152105970573560) 2024-07-13T15:48Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "For motivation here are [--] sources NYT Pedro (a top aging researcher) & I noting that lifestyle makes a huge difference. A few posts down you can find my detailed analysis of the best papers I know showing that lifestyle makes 10-20yr diff for humans. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1811789084354076710 Viral spread of new NYT piece "The key to longevity is boring" on lifestyle (diet exercise smoking alcohol social). Not a new insight. In Jun I lamented that a vocal minority overestimate biohack benefits but most people underestimate lifestyle's: https://t.co/kY9sPslKGQ" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1812881598054047994) 2024-07-15T16:07Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Adult obesity rates: 42% US 2% Vietnam 6% India (most populous country) 16% global Obesity speeds aging. US aging intervention trials will avg 2.5x more obese subjects vs global proportion. But a disproportionate % of biopharma trials data comes from US. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_obesity_rate https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_obesity_rate" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1813210385358725419) 2024-07-16T13:53Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "It's not a race between reversible human biostasis & full aging cure it's a race between biostasis & LEV and LEV achievement depends on remaining lifespan (effectively biological age). It will be achieved earlier for those born later (and/or who live healthier). So eg biostasis may win for people who are currently seniors but LEV could still be achieved in time for those who are currently under 10yo to never need cryo. Both can be true. Where the breakpoint is has a lot of uncertainty though. Not even clear whether either will happen for anyone alive today (though I'm optimistic about both" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1818722833029026167) 2024-07-31T18:58Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@jamesfickel Sounds like a good project (I've been an advocate of studying human intelligence for AI since [----] even where that was strongly opposed eg Stanford) & I like much that you support but the implication of your reason that human intelligence is 'safe' seems highly questionable" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1821163968032887179) 2024-08-07T12:38Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Aging directly causes most of these so let me fix the fig for you. Recent changes don't look too noteworthy when looked at this way: 2019: aging aging injuries aging aging aging aging aging mostly aging suicide aging 2021: aging aging aging injuries aging aging aging aging aging aging suicide mostly aging 2023: aging aging injuries aging aging aging aging aging aging aging suicide mostly aging" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1821948395361333489) 2024-08-09T16:35Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Top causes of death [----] [----] & [----]. When viewed properly not much has changed. Hopefully in 1-2 generations this graph will be much different. @EricTopol @JAMA_current Aging directly causes most of these so let me fix the fig for you. Recent changes don't look too noteworthy when looked at this way: 2019: aging aging injuries aging aging aging aging aging mostly aging suicide aging 2021: aging aging aging injuries aging aging https://t.co/ClXrGl2MfD @EricTopol @JAMA_current Aging directly causes most of these so let me fix the fig for you. Recent changes don't look too noteworthy when" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1821949205570564582) 2024-08-09T16:38Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Problem: Mice die of cancer disproportionately more than humans so lifespan results are confounded by anti-cancer mechanisms (MoAs). How hard would it be to create a strain of mice mostly immune to cancer If we did how long would they live And what would they mostly die of" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1825291312826110002) 2024-08-18T21:58Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "CR also has decent primate data (& rapa doesn't AFAIK) but effect size is unsurprisingly much lower as everyone expects CR & rapa effect sizes in humans also to be lower vs shorter-lived species" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1828071514496966881) 2024-08-26T14:06Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@Mangan150 Obesity rate today in India (most populous country in the world) is 6%. Vietnam 2%. I don't think your statement applies to these places. Arguably majority of humans in places more like these than US/Europe. So just giving pushback that your statement isn't universally human" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1828987375579738145) 2024-08-29T02:45Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "I'm very happy to be an Entos investor. Of course Lilly realized the potential of this platform long before this publication resulting in a $400M deal for neuro applications back in 2022: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/lilly-and-entos-pharmaceuticals-enter-into-research-and-collaboration-agreement-to-support-the-development-of-innovative-therapies-in-multiple-neurologic-indications-301454740.html" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1833715769173315999) 2024-09-11T03:54Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "But though Entos prob doesn't need to raise more after the Lilly deal Oisin has the rights to all aging applications & has just done 1st close of their series A led by Abbvie: I'm a happy repeat investor in Oisin including in that 1st close via a SAFE. https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240724223072/en/Ois%C3%ADn-Biotechnologies-Announces-First-Close-of-15-Million-Series-A-Financing-Round-to-Advance-Therapies-for-Age-Related-Diseases" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1833715770821624265) 2024-09-11T03:54Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "For those interested in exposure to the aging-applications of this platform check out Matt's video from the Longevity Summit Dublin: I'm guessing there is prob some room left in the 2nd close of this round. https://www.youtube.com/watchv=XrTX_DAuSAk https://www.youtube.com/watchv=XrTX_DAuSAk" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1833715772604203129) 2024-09-11T03:54Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Basic cell senescence may have been known about before [----] but the breakthroughs & explosion that make it noteworthy & important are all 21st century just like epigenetics & methylation that underpin Yamanka factors & clocks. DNA Methylation was proposed as an important aspect of epigenitcs in the mid-1970s based on quick check just now. Yes the Baker [----] paper from van Deursen's group is what I was thinking of wrt 25% lifespan extension. On your replication question didn't Campisi lab at the Buck replicate the work And then both labs were a source of the transgenic mice (INK-ATTAC & 3MR" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1835364001297105407) 2024-09-15T17:04Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@jpsenescence @kapahi_pankaj On your SnC benefits paper: nice bit of scholarship that IMO should have more clearly & earlier stressed distinction btwn transient SnCs vs long-lived ones as we discussed in That paper doesn't diminish importance of periodic ablation of persistent SnCs. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1803888672590434507 @EricTopol @ScienceMagazine @jpsenescence Not as complex as soundbites imply. Senescent Cells (SnCs) play good roles transiently (development wound healing etc) but little quality data shows benefits requiring them to be long-lived. This paper (& many like it)" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1835366162999427430) 2024-09-15T17:12Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Short report: The state of the mitochondria portion of the aging biotech field: [--] companies $1.4+B raised 700+ people 150+ clinical trials many MoAs/targets: mitophagy transplant fission NAD+ UrolithinA CD38 PINK1 PPAR DRP1 USP30 Complex [--] OMA1 & more Read on:" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1835808096364662939) 2024-09-16T22:28Z [----] followers, 26.3K engagements "Longeveron does stem cells but notes mito xfer as potential MoA: Growing awareness of this in field. Maybe doesn't belong here or maybe SC corps should all classify as mito transplant. Thoughts Seemed worth including at least [--] such for completeness. https://longeveron.com/lomecel-b/ https://longeveron.com/lomecel-b/" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1835808120356077942) 2024-09-16T22:28Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Mitophagy: Many approaches: Mitokinin: PINK1 Abbvie acq. for 110-655M Vincere: USP30 & maybe Parkin Timeline: Urolithin A supplement (& in ph2) Vandria: undisclosed but Hevolution led 30M round; patent suggests urolithin derivatives ImmuneAGE: links suggest urolithin related" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1835808122444914987) 2024-09-16T22:28Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Clinical pipeline: Here's the aggregate clinical pipeline for the entire sub-sector as a sortable/restrictable sheet: And also as a static image sorted by clinical stage. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1wtv6Ax3bdjBZqPZpngCcQe48I1zLqYF3hVq5QhYgcbQ/editusp=sharing https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1wtv6Ax3bdjBZqPZpngCcQe48I1zLqYF3hVq5QhYgcbQ/editusp=sharing" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1835808133069050143) 2024-09-16T22:29Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Grouping instead by indication: Much overlap CNS: [--] PD progams a few mitophagy but diff targets [--] AD [--] ALS muscle: [--] DMD metabolic: [--] obesity & [--] T2D eye: [--] AMD lung: [--] IPF kidney: [--] AKI cardiovascular: [--] IRI primary mito diseases (PMDs): [--] primary mito mypopathy [--] MELAS" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1835808135644401757) 2024-09-16T22:29Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Feedback welcomed. Any important aging-relevant mito companies missing Which approaches seem most promising Should I turn this into a report w/ less Twitter-esque abbeviations to live elsewhere Should I do something like this for other aging subareas eg cell senescence" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1835808142959206659) 2024-09-16T22:29Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Not all the data on extreme human aging is rotten. Saul Justin Newman's recent Ig Nobel for noting faked blue zone birth certificates generated overblown news & social media response that lacked wider perspective on other relevant data. A short thread: https://theconversation.com/the-data-on-extreme-human-ageing-is-rotten-from-the-inside-out-ig-nobel-winner-saul-justin-newman-239023utm_term=Autofeed&utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Twitter#Echobox=1726257638" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1837535246256165250) 2024-09-21T16:51Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "@aubreydegrey @Nst_Egorova I urge caution for diff reasons: since much compelling data doesn't depend on birth certificates: https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1837535246256165250 Not all the data on extreme human aging is rotten. Saul Justin Newman's recent Ig Nobel for noting faked blue zone birth certificates generated overblown news & social media response that lacked wider perspective on other relevant data. A short thread: https://t.co/rh07evkBnq https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1837535246256165250 Not all the data on extreme human aging is rotten. Saul Justin Newman's recent Ig Nobel for" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1837851405983588550) 2024-09-22T13:48Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@aubreydegrey @Nst_Egorova True that lifestyle won't achieve our goals but it still makes 10-20yr diff in humans & this needs boosting not de-emphasizing since people (esp in US) moving in directions of inactivity bad diet & obesity. This is causing many premature deaths & will cause many to miss LEV" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1837852539699822811) 2024-09-22T13:52Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "There's a spectrum. Here are some examples of sustainable groups on the spectrum towards optimal CR: - Mid-1900s Okinawans did mild-to-moderate CR + active lifestyle for decades. - 7th-Day-Adventists do lifelong lean WFPB diet + - activity. - Obesity rates in US were 3x lower just 1-2 generations ago: 87% of US were non-obese in the 1960s. - Global avg BMI was [--] in [----]. - Current (let alone a couple generations ago) obesity rate in Vietnam is 2%. - In India (most populous country) current avg BMI is [--]. Obesity rate is 6% so that's 1.37B non-obese Indians. - Ornish 4-pronged lifestyle" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1838284154817122772) 2024-09-23T18:27Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "How do we best align human BMI w/ calorie intake in mice Eg given a standard healthy mouse strain a spectrum of calorie intakes lead to a range of median lifespans (lower cal - longer life up to a point). Any way to know which med lifespan corresponds best to human BMI=22 (The total calorie intake can of course be quoted as %CR based on measuring ad-lib intake for the strain and usually is but this is irrelevant and in some ways confusing because human "ad-lib" intakes vary so greatly so it makes little sense to measure degree of CR in humans this way. It seems much better to measure human" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1838638678157201850) 2024-09-24T17:56Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "In [----] The Economist noted the fertility rate of India (now most populous country on Earth) dropped below the replacement rate. Here's yet another datapoint to show that overpopulation worries are not a good reason to oppose aging/longevity advances. https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2021/12/11/why-the-demographic-transition-is-speeding-up Peak child: https://t.co/9oEemdHE0B https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2021/12/11/why-the-demographic-transition-is-speeding-up Peak child: https://t.co/9oEemdHE0B" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1839323183503249690) 2024-09-26T15:16Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "I look forward to someday reading a detailed legal accounting of how a non-profit can legally transition into a for-profit (public benefit B corp or C corp) company w/ detailed analysis of the Open AI example. Clearly employees can leave [--] & join the other. But normally assets that live in the non-profit world can't be moved back to the for-profit world & that presumably includes not just cash/securities but also intellectual property & maybe even brand value. From a distance & from news articles I'm not clear on why everyone involved in Open AI didn't just leave & go form a new company when" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1839338300450214398) 2024-09-26T16:16Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "What was the oral D3 dose I can't find it. Did I miss it Study group descriptions odd: 3rd group described as dull sunlight in some tables & oral supplement in others. Sun obviously provides benefits supplementation doesn't eg NO & all the (N)IR stuff but your conclusion that this data is additional evidence that sun is superior to supplementation is highly questionable without the D3 dose & without some assurance that this study's oral D supplementation arm didn't make all the normal errors of vitamin D supplementation trials as described in Boucher's paper "Why do so many trials of vitamin" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1846191428676079949) 2024-10-15T14:08Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@ragheeb40 @RobSheko It's only been a few years since 1st TRIIM trial with only =10 subjects so (a) not long enough for meaningful long-term follow-up data & (b) not high enough n for strong conclusions even if it had been a decade+" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1846240591648379165) 2024-10-15T17:23Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "The meme that senescent cells are sometimes good so we should be careful with senolytics is overdone. So far there's no good evidence of benefit from senescent cells (SnCs) that needs them to be long-lived.Thus applying too much caution to infrequent ablation by senolytics risks delaying substantial potential benefit. In showed periodic ablation of p16+ cells (an approximation of senescent cells) increased lifespan 25% w/ good health. This (& maybe a couple otherpapers around that time) kicked off the senolytics field. Since then there's been much work to develop senolytics & to characterize" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1846594154291515867) 2024-10-16T16:48Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "The damage repair / rejuvenation approach to aging is a divide&conquer approach. Each intervention reverses an aspect of the slow age-related accumulation of changed molecular state often in just a subset of the body (cell type X organ/system). So none are panaceas. Not meant to be. It's only when a large suite of them are combined does it make sense to measure them against a panacea yardstick or to use lifespan extension as a main metric for evaluation. Aubrey works hard to get enough money for LEVF to do just 3-4 at a time but possibly even more will be needed to see really big effects on" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1847024084049449304) 2024-10-17T21:17Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "Announcing version [---] a giant overhaul & update: - new columns - 50+ new companies - [---] companies fully up-to-date as of [----] inc. all of the most noteworthy - a new non-alphabetical default ordering based on rough significance (more on this below) . http://AgingBiotech.info/companies http://AgingBiotech.info/companies" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1848377862836937210) 2024-10-21T14:56Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "@GeroMaxim @MikhailBatin Sometimes LLMs are basically reverse TL;DR transformers. Most of that was unnecessarily long for the degree of confidence in the info's validity we should assign" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1848723548942307417) 2024-10-22T13:50Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@cryodao Stasis isn't a treatment for aging. Doesn't solve the problem" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1849078972321325268) 2024-10-23T13:22Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "There's controversy over whether aging should be classified as a disease. I'm doing a debate on it tonight. Complex question with many angles. Here's a document with thoughts from several perspectives to try to help move the global conversation forward: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1f5XF5FouhoLQTDmONHTwPmUbhXSJ2YHQDLl6p0wonm0/editusp=sharing https://docs.google.com/document/d/1f5XF5FouhoLQTDmONHTwPmUbhXSJ2YHQDLl6p0wonm0/editusp=sharing" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1849600707684667574) 2024-10-24T23:55Z [----] followers, 65.7K engagements "@ahumanmichael Even w/ a good clock we need either aging to be a disease or the clock to be an approved surrogate endpoint. Without the latter it'll still be harder to bring new therapies to approval. This is discussed in "the duality of diseases and surrogate endpoints" section of the doc" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1849816559407317228) 2024-10-25T14:13Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "Okay more info on last Thursday's debate: @EricVerdin Andrea Gartenbach @danielkrizek & I debated whether aging should be considered to be a disease at the 1st DOC mtg put together by Jordan Shlain @johnbattelle & Kevin Ryan. https://2024.doc.health/ https://2024.doc.health/" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1850929354857205979) 2024-10-28T15:55Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@ChrisPollyanna1 For many people 1000IU won' be enough to get to serum levels countless studies show as lower-risk & that many groups have long recommended (30ng/ml) or even to 20ng/ml long the standard for deficiency to many & the min government rec in many places. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1365075509760024576 What are the best vitamin D dose response papers that any review of intake amount needed to achieve a min serum level in a min % of people should include Defaults: 20ng/ml (common government target) or [--] ng/ml (Endocrine Soc rec) in 97.5% (ie limit deficiency to =2.5%). (1/n)" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1854297810440773969) 2024-11-06T23:00Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@ChrisPollyanna1 As for 4k: considered safe per official guidelines of: NAM: US Canada SACN: UK EFSA: Europe Nordic countries Netherlands Australia+NZ UAE Amer. Geriatrics Soc. No major agency specifies a lower tolerable intake limit" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1854299076671779278) 2024-11-06T23:05Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "Is "Science Twitter" mass moving to BlueSky I'll stay here while I wait & see. We saw this before w/ Mastodon & Threads neither of which worked out as "Science Twitter" replacements AFAICT. 14.5M BlueSky users vs 250M X. This comment 8mo ago resonates: "Since Musk's takeover of Twitter I've seen three different platforms proclaimed as the 'new Academic Twitter': Mastodon Threads and Bluesky. The 'transition' to Mastodon and Threads failed completely and although there seems to have been considerably more takeup at Bluesky (at least in my field) the academic community there is tiny compared" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1857840116414427252) 2024-11-16T17:36Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "I collected refs on clinical trial success rates. Summary: 90% regulatory review success post phase [--] 50-70% ph3 to approval (= ph3 success rate since 90%=100%) 25% ph2 success rate (to ph3) (so 15% ph2 to approval=.6*.25) 10% ph1 to approval https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1-xCzDhcNtXInz-Z1KKfrjQEDdgyCXU92mPqN2aWOKMQ/editusp=sharing https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1-xCzDhcNtXInz-Z1KKfrjQEDdgyCXU92mPqN2aWOKMQ/editusp=sharing" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1862652526572839402) 2024-11-30T00:19Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "@tpr720 Just as curing [--] age-related disease doesn't bring big lifespan gain since other diseases get you fixing [--] aging molecular pathology prob brings little lifespan gain since 10-15 other aging pathologies get you. Not the right metric of progress. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1743647649432055984 My views on why the ITP isn't the right way to measure overall progress in the aging/longevity field & what else the field should be doing to measure progress of rejuvenation (age reversal) therapies. Scroll up for context. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1743647649432055984 My views on why" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1862964180430791129) 2024-11-30T20:57Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@tpr720 A good but still completely open question is what fraction of cancer will be prevented by fixing accumulation of long-lived senescent cells as a problem" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1862964831026102678) 2024-11-30T21:00Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@elonmusk @paulg Wrong test. Instead use AI to tell if insights/analysis added. Linking news piece or science pub w/ no explanation why it's important or added analysis/comments is lazy linking even if posting quote & pic with link in reply. Link w/ analysis in [--] post is less lazy & better" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1864680928079142922) 2024-12-05T14:39Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Surprises me so many (n=57) agree a consensus def of aging is essential. Do they think AI field achieved consensus def of intelligence before its huge gains It didn't. No consensus porn def either. Famously only know-it-when-you-see-it. Didn't stop creating practical filters. Progress in most areas requires neither precise definitions nor consensus. They're nice & often help but 'essential' is a strong word" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1864792615159501065) 2024-12-05T22:03Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Consensus definitions are not typically 'essential' to progress in most science technology & engineering fields. Why should aging be any different @biogerontology @gladyshev_lab Surprises me so many (n=57) agree a consensus def of aging is essential. Do they think AI field achieved consensus def of intelligence before its huge gains It didn't. No consensus porn def either. Famously only know-it-when-you-see-it. Didn't stop creating practical filters. https://t.co/IBoUc30Z1K @biogerontology @gladyshev_lab Surprises me so many (n=57) agree a consensus def of aging is essential. Do they think AI" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1864819722140991756) 2024-12-05T23:50Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "No one (esp not me) disputes that there's much great theoretical basis underlying the current neural-network based AI boom with broad consensus about it from within the connectionist community. You wrote many replies just now trying to argue against a point you think I made that I did not. Pop up a level. I did my Stanford CS PhD researching increasingly deep neural net research in the 1990s at Stanford when Stanford's CS PhD program was ranked #1 in the world & it had many of the biggest names in AI as faculty. Many of the non-fluff foundational underpinnings of the current AI boom are built" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1865111664208838751) 2024-12-06T19:10Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@AlgebraicAmin01 I'm half way through manually categorizing them & will soon release the full table with indications targets/MoAs assessment of likelihood to generalize to multiple age-related diseases etc" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1865137479759884704) 2024-12-06T20:53Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@seagertp While an interesting thought any compensation is clearly insufficient in modern society. Many papers show more deficiency in winter eg see this chart. Source (top Google result for vitamin d levels by time of year from data in https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2677029/ https://www.grassrootshealth.net/blog/seasonal-vitamin-d-levels/ https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2677029/ https://www.grassrootshealth.net/blog/seasonal-vitamin-d-levels/" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1866919645095268492) 2024-12-11T18:55Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "@UdayandQusay @elonmusk @paulg Your reply is completely off topic. The political leaning of a post is entirely orthogonal to the topic under discussion in this thread of the bias for posts with external links vs posts with added insights. Either of those could be left or right politically" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1867066692423258587) 2024-12-12T04:39Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "Q: Given a finished clinical trial (clinicaltrials gov labels completed & finish date in the past) esp a ph3 what are best ways to check how it went & what's next - Company website - Search pubmed Google Scholar &/or web for NCT# trial name &/or company - what else" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1869456107783266305) 2024-12-18T18:54Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Aging is by far the leading cause of death but of non-age-related causes auto accidents are one of the top killers. Autonomous vehicles will change that. 10x safer than humans (90% reduction in bodily injury). Our mission is to be the world's most trusted driver and a new study by @SwissRe validates the exceptional safety record of the Waymo Driver. Learn more: https://t.co/aMTGDZqmtY https://t.co/NKRp93JeSv Our mission is to be the world's most trusted driver and a new study by @SwissRe validates the exceptional safety record of the Waymo Driver. Learn more: https://t.co/aMTGDZqmtY" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1870140757514039531) 2024-12-20T16:14Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "@elonmusk Cheap GLP1 drugs is easier than optimizing lifestyle but optimizing lifestyle would do much more to improve health lifespan & quality of life & be cheaper. 10x more evidence than for GLP1s. Eg everyone doing the Ornish program would be worlds better than GLP1s" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1870152342290739532) 2024-12-20T17:00Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@KillenMd Alas vasodilation worsens nasal congestion. (Popular OTC nasal decongestant Afrin/oxymetazoline is a vasoconstrictor.) Inhaling thru nose also raises NO levels & lots of evidence nose breathing healthier than mouth. So tradeoffs" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1870864257488982369) 2024-12-22T16:09Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "The idea that carbs & esp grains are bad is surprisingly common. Many ppl meal plan by thinking of a meat + a veggie (maybe +salad) w/ no grains or legumes. Prob caused by badness of refined & processed grains. Veggies + WHOLE grains + legumes is healthier than veggies + meat" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1874533205216465287) 2025-01-01T19:08Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "So of course I can't query how many people in my community are on BlueSky not on X but 84% of those here in my circle are not on BS. 3x as many who are on both say they have more views from X vs BS than the converse but clearly small sample. No strong signal to add BS to me" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1883372563201704401) 2025-01-26T04:33Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Limiting yourself to only to in vivo results in published papers is like sticking your head in the sand. You'll be 2-5 years behind what's actually happening. All [--] of the companies I mentioned above have been at it for at least [--] years & have been vocal about what they are doing publishing preprints & presenting at conferences repeatedly. They all start with in vitro naturally. @dives86 has presented at numerous conferences & done many interviews. @newlimit has put out many papers. @JanineSengstack finished her 6-year PhD on this at UCSF presented it at BAAM & put out a preprint with the (in" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1885362842087678326) 2025-01-31T16:21Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@CharlesMBrenner @ShiftBioscience @newlimit @junevity W.r.t. OSKM I will also note that Vittorio Sebastiano's lab at Stanford has published many papers on RNA-based OSKMLN including I'm pretty sure in vivo mouse data and he has repeatedly stated in his talks that they've observed no tumors" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1885363900356714973) 2025-01-31T16:25Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Important & noteworthy things have been happening in the aging/longevity world that for some reason aren't getting talked about much while other much less important narratives dominate discussion" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1887932060326838532) 2025-02-07T18:30Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "I'll expand on this over the next few weeks & months. Stay tuned for some detailed & hopeful posts talks & interviews. Next up: An important post next week (prob Mon). A talk at Foresight Vision Weekend Puerto Rico. I'll also be at Vitalist Bay some inc. a talk in early May" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1887932061538992343) 2025-02-07T18:30Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@dullunlivin @LinusPeters @theA4LI +1 Lifespan & Vitalism work to convince the public. The other side of that is educating & convincing politicians & their staff. Both should be pursued. Recent US change of administration is a big opportunity for change. $ to A4LI prob esp high leverage currently. I donate" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1888647982343754221) 2025-02-09T17:55Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "Let's contrast this topic vs [--] of the most talked about topics in the field GLP-1 drugs & Bryan Johnson: GLP-1 drugs slow aging in overweight/obesity (really they rescue the sped up aging). BJ's extreme lifestyle optimization tries to optimize longevity w/ everything available" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1889001523549778197) 2025-02-10T17:20Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Few in the aging field think Bryan Johnson's routine extends his max lifespan much. It improves healthspan so may let him live to see new breakthrus. Few thinks GLP1 drugs help humans exceed [---]. ATTR tx may help everyone 70/80/90+ *and* look likely to extend max human lifespan" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1889001524925435971) 2025-02-10T17:20Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@ragheeb40 @AmprionDx I notice that there were scans when I glanced through (linked above). Paper has pics. See the DPD Scintigraphy & CT Scans sections. I didn't look into how hard it would be to get such a scan. If you do please report back here. https://www.jacc.org/doi/full/10.1016/j.jcmg.2020.05.029 https://www.jacc.org/doi/full/10.1016/j.jcmg.2020.05.029" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1889020789426733151) 2025-02-10T18:37Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@ragheeb40 @AmprionDx One could imagine asking the longevity oriented scanning companies about whether they could offer it as part of their test suites. HLI Qbio Biograph Fountain Life etc. Seems like it would be a natural fit. High cost is clearly not a limiting factor for their customer base" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1889021226989015371) 2025-02-10T18:38Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "Is the lack of any candidate treatment ready for clinical trials the problem I'm not familiar with the process of getting FDA to agree to a new indication for a trial but this would seem odd. Weren't many diseases considered diseases long before we had any candidate therapy" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1898159653554733185) 2025-03-07T23:51Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "What would it take to get the FDA to agree to thymus disease as an indication Success in a trial would presumably mean improved thymic function. Several aspects of thymic function can be directly measured as well as thymus volume & fat incursion directly" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1898159654989099453) 2025-03-07T23:51Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "There's plenty of movement in the telomeres area. Bill Andrews' efforts haven't gone far but Rejuvenation Tech (which I invested in) has a promising looking mRNA approach. Telocyte got good funding to pursue it's gene threapy. Elixirgen & Telos also working on this. And Rejuveron had a sub-company on this---not sure its status" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1898426413285536223) 2025-03-08T17:31Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "For sure. After spending as much as has been spent I would hope so (And some disease specific funding should continue.) But how much more societal health (& consequent economic gain) could have been had if a big % of that has shifted to aging biology years ago (Or how much sooner would it come in future under that hypothetical vs the actual status quo)" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1899113872130486330) 2025-03-10T15:03Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "I made a list of suggestions on how to minimize microplastics & nanoplastics (MNPs) for health. Open to anyone for commenting to help crowdsource improve it. The focus is personal health not environment (which would be a bigger list). Hope it helps. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1OG-NJZZ4I587LxP4kvp0WhAUIWGC-yR6Ets0Flr7P5M/editusp=sharing https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1OG-NJZZ4I587LxP4kvp0WhAUIWGC-yR6Ets0Flr7P5M/editusp=sharing" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1899863502225092795) 2025-03-12T16:42Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "@ProfEmilyOster Also on the topic of post-Covid educational regression just out this week from The Economist: Blue-state blues The pandemic hit pupils hardest in Americas Democrat-leaning states How much were school-closure policies to blame https://www.economist.com/united-states/2025/03/17/the-pandemic-hit-pupils-hardest-in-americas-democrat-leaning-states https://www.economist.com/united-states/2025/03/17/the-pandemic-hit-pupils-hardest-in-americas-democrat-leaning-states" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1904171400786833789) 2025-03-24T14:00Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@MaxUnfried The SENS damage repair approach argues these are unnecessary to engineer fixes to age-related molecular changes w/ clear evidence of harm & connection to age-related conditions. Eg accumulation of long-loved senescent cells lipofuscin misfolded proteins ECM cross-links etc" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1921573340352840127) 2025-05-11T14:29Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Poll: Is the SENS philosophy (not necessarily the original specifics) a viable approach for the aging field SENS philosophy = divide & conquer rejuvenation that involves many infrequent therapies to reverse different age-related changes. (Epigenetic reprogramming is included.) Yes No Yes No" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1921661028615565624) 2025-05-11T20:17Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Primarily [--] thing that dominates the field but a few others that are gaining popularity recently: [--]. Everything in the slow-aging super-categeory including anything that is not intermittent & repeatable. So mTOR AMPK GLP-1 all lifestyle optimization (diet exercise etc.) & mimetics anything that slows down progression of age-related changes (eg cholesterol lowering making proteins less susceptible to misfolding without fixing those that have already misfolded making new ECM cross-links less likely without fixing the ones that are already there etc.). Note that because the body has its own" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1921687850858549276) 2025-05-11T22:04Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Whole body replacement does count as a replacement therapy but not as a SENS-philosophy therapy. The point of SENS style rejuvenation is to not need the whole body replacement because you rejuvenate the body (possibly by replacing part by part). Whole body replacement is a replacement for the SENS program. But finer grained replacement strategies (organs cells organelles) count as part of both replacement approaches to aging and rejuvenation (SENS-philosophy) approaches to aging. In a car analogy fixing (rejuvenating) the car may involve replacing parts like engine tire etc. but getting an" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1921926390955610477) 2025-05-12T13:52Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "28 people have said no so far but despite several comments & discussion there's a real lack of any explanation from the no folks as to why not. What do 28% of people responding think makes the SENS approach not one of the viable strategies for the field" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1922106805561307613) 2025-05-13T01:49Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "A practical point of convergence is cryopreservation of young organs for transplant. Replacing aged organs with young ones is mildly rejuvenative. Ideally growing genetically identical organs will be possible soon & replacements for major organs that can fail (eg heart) or get cancer all waiting in a cryobank for immediate transplant if needed. Meantime organ preservation obviously useful for current transplant practice" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1924094036757115324) 2025-05-18T13:25Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@Biosynq_ai @cryodao @VitalistBay @emilkendziorra Philosophically rejuvenation (which is really that I was arguing for) & cryo both share the goal of completely avoiding age-related causes of death rather than just delaying them a bit" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1924095149338226701) 2025-05-18T13:30Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "The phrasing "ideally something" is usually read to understood to mean that 'something' would be great if it happens not as a serious prediction. That said growing organoids from stem cells (iPSCs) is a very active area of work with a lot of progress. So is iPSC-based embryo models. I wouldn't be surprised to see initial organ replacements from these methods hit trials within a decade. And I consider that 'soon' on biotech timescales" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1924587052936658998) 2025-05-19T22:04Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "A new and unexpected route to exit for preclinical aging/longevity biotech startups acquisition by the elephants of the subsector. At least I haven't noticed Altos (or Calico) acquire other startups before. If I've missed others let me know. https://longevity.technology/news/altos-labs-snaps-up-dorian-therapeutics/ https://longevity.technology/news/altos-labs-snaps-up-dorian-therapeutics/" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1925950802759139609) 2025-05-23T16:23Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Does anyone offer full body MRI for health eval of all major joints Prenuvo & Ezra (& others) offer full body MRI for cancer plus a few other evals. Both claim to eval spine. But Prenuvo explicitly states they don't look at cartilage. Ezra normal scans don't do joints but their Blueprint / Ultimate scan does knees & hips. But not it seems shoulders or others (ankle wrist). One wonders if SI joint is covered by spine or by hip or gets missed between them. Does anyone do cartilage/ligament/tendon/osteophytes eval of both knees + both shoulders at the very least" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1927874238708642118) 2025-05-28T23:46Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "@elimohamad I see no evidence from their website that they look at cartilage or osteophytes. Eg Google site: searches of the Qbio website for cartilage osteophytes or osteoarthritis all return zero results" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1932131163692470716) 2025-06-09T17:42Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "LEV isn't a thing with a fixed year of arrival for all. People have to stop talking about it like that whether expressing the optimistic or pessimistic view. As more technologies to reverse diff aspects of the molecular aging process become avail gradually over many years later birth cohorts (people who are younger at the time) will benefit more than those who are older (later birth cohorts). It only makes sense to discuss what birth cohorts will make it to LEV not what year LEV "arrives"" [X Link](https://x.com/anyuser/status/1935177182328103144) 2025-06-18T03:26Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "It's very clear people who will be [--] years old in [--] yrs are unlikely to make it to LEV. But to argue that someone born in 3yrs who turns 1yo in 4yrs is not going to see LEV achieved before they are old enough to get on that trajectory is a level of pessimism not warranted by any specific data currently at hand. The entire world can be dramatically diff in 50-60 years often in ways that are hard to foresee" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1935178395664716132) 2025-06-18T03:30Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "I didn't say lifestyle gives age reversal. It affects rate of aging to the tune of 10-20 years diff over a lifetime. None of the things competing for healthspan Xprize are going to give everyone 20yrs of real age reversal either. Not even close. Xprize declaring a winner does not imply everyone gets [--] years younger. If Ray or you or anyone thinks that think again" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1935459537366274311) 2025-06-18T22:08Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "It's also important to point out that we won't know LEV has been achieved except in retrospect. The first birth cohorts to make it will be right on the edge of not making it for decades as each new technology arrives just in the nick of time with no way to tell aheod of time whether the next breakthru will make it in time. It won't be for roughly a generation (certainly not for a decade or two at least) that anyone will be able to say with confidence that we have achieved it for the majority of the population" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1935467451405545643) 2025-06-18T22:39Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@alexanderinse @jpsenescence That's a much lower bar and seems like there is a good chance of that. It's still misleading for anyone to sloppily & semantically imprecisely claim that they are confident LEV will be achieved in [--] years" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1935468041569243174) 2025-06-18T22:41Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@MaxUnfried I'm not convinced this is the reason. Who is doing any ostracizing for this at this point 15-20yrs ago maybe. Aren't there are enough people on the side of radical effect sizes now to ostracize the ostracizes" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1936062232930271678) 2025-06-20T14:03Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "No. "Damage accumulation" isn't a theory of aging that may or may not be THE right one. It's clearly true in the sense that intermediate step types of damage clearly do accumulate (& clearly can be fixed). Some aspects of any given type of damage may need tweaking/updating from time to time as science around it advances but there whole idea of damage repair isn't a theory-of-aging in the normal sense that there's an obvious way in which the thing as a whole can be proved 'wrong'. (Even if there are aspects of aging that are programmed or all of aging is.)" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1936081912692720039) 2025-06-20T15:21Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "Also disagree that programmed aging means that the body will ramp up damage accumulation if damage gets repaired. It seems much more likely to me that any aging program evolved by evolution would take the simplest route by just injecting damage-accumulation that is sufficient in the absence of repair. It's unlikely in the absence of repair mechanisms that evolution would have evolved a complicated feedback mechanism capable of adjusting up damage accumulation in the face of repair mechanisms that clear it. And even if the body could do that that still doesn't mean that the engineered damage" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1936082913948483765) 2025-06-20T15:25Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@olafurpall80 @jpsenescence @gladyshev_lab @aubreydegrey Ah maybe 4th poll option should have been we don't need new understanding but we need better tech for implementation. Important distinction since it would imply directing resources very differently" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1937874429129961806) 2025-06-25T14:04Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@TSchmauck @MaxUnfried @jpsenescence @gladyshev_lab @aubreydegrey Few (no one) claims human CR can give 20+ extra yrs. Many in the field want full cures for aging which CR clearly isn't. Understanding it better doesn't help the end goal. There's limits how much metabolism tweaks can slow aging. Clearly can't fully halt it nor rejuvenate" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1937913709994864848) 2025-06-25T16:40Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@aubreydegrey @timrpeterson @jpsenescence @MicahZoltu Tim this was a very surprising Q. I'd add to Aubrey's not-meant-to-be-exhaustive list the particularly notable example of epigenetic reprogramming (something unknown in the 2000s when initial SENS tx program sketched but compatible w/ the [--] damage types as supercategories)" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1937995575183741330) 2025-06-25T22:05Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Science & engineering differ but touch & interact in many areas eg Computer Science & biotech. (Eg at my undergrad Princeton science majors got BA degrees but eng majors BSE. CS uniquely straddled the schools. CS majors got either degree.) Where are the lines between these @aubreydegrey @johnhemming4mp @timrpeterson @KarlPfleger @MicahZoltu The SENS hypothesis (or strategy/framework) that repairing certain forms of damage reverses aging. If disproving an hypothesis/theory is so hard to render it impractical or impossible then eg according to Popper its not a scientific theory anymore." [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1938301118356111660) 2025-06-26T18:19Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Which way should SENS or a general divide & conquer damage repair approach to rejuvenation be viewed Is it a theory of aging or an engineering paradigm Many in the aging field default to the former for any approach to the field but @aubreydegrey thinks of SENS as the latter" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1938301123095560359) 2025-06-26T18:19Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "The SENS view would be that the question of the importance of reversing any given damage sub-type (slow age-related molecular change) for long-term health is a scientific question but the paradigm sits above these" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1938301124798517433) 2025-06-26T18:19Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "Aubrey says it's a truism that the body is a molecular machine w/ function defined by its structure. It's also obvious to me that humanity is getting monotonically better at manipulating molecules" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1938301126635622428) 2025-06-26T18:19Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Thus it's a series of paired science + engineering problems to identify age-related molecular changes scientifically investigate whether each is 'damage' (ie causally pro-aging/degeneration) & do the biotech engineering problem of how to reverse the change" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1938301128304955449) 2025-06-26T18:19Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@Tesla How is this legal Did Tesla have local jurisdiction approval I thought only at level [--] autonomy & only approved for autonomous driving in Austin. Is it legal to drive public roads w/ no humans inside (autonomous or remotely piloted) In what jurisdictions is that legal" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1938963746875154490) 2025-06-28T14:12Z [----] followers, 33.2K engagements "@grok @lashgar @Tesla Wow this is right but it seems ludicrous. Texas passed a law (SB2205) that allows autonomous driving w/ no minimum bar for how safe the autonomous system is or how good it is at complying w/ traffic laws other than it just has to be "capable of complying" w/ traffic laws" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1939177632937189387) 2025-06-29T04:22Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@grok @lashgar @Tesla (And has to be insured have recording functions & comply w/ any later federal standards but none yet I think.) So basically the autonomous system can be as bad a driver as a legally drunk driver & it's allowed to operate in Texas at least until it screws up too much" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1939178253958439282) 2025-06-29T04:24Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@grok @lashgar @Tesla No legal requirement for it to demonstrate good driving to any standard (eg as good as the average human) or for any length of time as far as the LLMs summarizing SB2205 seems to suggest. (I just did several queries.) Wow" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1939178570708066822) 2025-06-29T04:26Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@jpsenescence We've been over this before too How do we know which to target Any long lived ones or just all of them periodically. Their benefits require only transient existence. No yet known benefit of SnCs persisting. As we discussed in Sep'24 & Jun'24: https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1835366162999427430 @jpsenescence @kapahi_pankaj On your SnC benefits paper: nice bit of scholarship that IMO should have more clearly & earlier stressed distinction btwn transient SnCs vs long-lived ones as we discussed in https://t.co/jY0AzkMGTJ That paper doesn't diminish importance of periodic ablation" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1939494099503185977) 2025-06-30T01:20Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@LidskyPeter @cccqimei I'm guessing he knows your high level position. I think he might be asking you to elaborate on why you think a divide & conquer damage repair program is incapable of curing aging or making substantial progress towards that end w/ development of technologies we have today" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1940387115646472194) 2025-07-02T12:28Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "PS I also dislike when the image is used without also including the text name since then simple string search for the name (eg find-in-page or possibly search engines search) won't find it. Eg this is true on Healthspan Captial's portfolio page" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1940881080552435783) 2025-07-03T21:11Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "I question the counts on this new top longevity investors list. Always frustrating when source data & longevity company criteria unclear. Alternative (& transparent) data can be found at Based on that I get the counts pictured. Elaboration below. http://AgingBiotech.info/investorsXcompanies/ ✨Top Longevity Investors Globally by Number of Investments The longevity sector is booming Here are the most active investors by deal count: 🔹 @GVteam (Google Ventures) 🔹 ARCH Venture Partners 🔹 @cascapital 🔹 Polaris Partners 🔹 Alexandria Venture Investments 🔹 https://t.co/1RuQdMBJ09" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1940920415037386962) 2025-07-03T23:47Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "@DToddWhite Me too. Health wearables supplements. all huge industries but most of them not focused on aging/longevity/rejuvenation the way most people mean them" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1941324969776120182) 2025-07-05T02:35Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@biogerontology @calvinyeoonx @LaurieGreen36 @ARDD_Meeting ARDD's a great conf & Copenhagen a nice city but too bad it's 1/3 of way around world from the highest concentration of credible aging biotech companies are: San Francisco (more generally California). ARDD is middle of the night for ground zero of longevity. Not everyone can go" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1943053749423075823) 2025-07-09T21:04Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@mkaeberlein @LinusPeters Forget about DTC market's probs for a min. Consider clinical medical practice: Much evidence shows good methylation clocks (eg PCGrimAge) already better predictors of age-related-disease risk & mortality than chronological age right That the bar for actionable & useful" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1943697195351347408) 2025-07-11T15:41Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Eg why does standard-of-care for CRC screening or Covid boosters have the age thresholds they have: Someone did a calc based on risk & those age thresholds minimized societal risk. But if we have a better predictor than age its use should reduce societal risk further. In other words for all the problems with methylation clocks chronological age is *worse* and is currently used clinically for both diagnostics & therapeutics (eg vaccines). Using a worse risk predictor than the best available should be expected to result in more aggregate death & disease. A similar argument can be made about" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1943698712691425375) 2025-07-11T15:47Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@johnhemming4mp @mkaeberlein @LinusPeters Too vague I gave [--] specific examples (CRC screens Covid boosters & trial group balancing) & an algorithm. How could you show that colonoscopies at [--] is better than at [--] or [--] How could you show that using age45 is better than using PCGrimAge45 as the threshold" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1943768372023582743) 2025-07-11T20:24Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "PSA: Don't watch the Project Hail Mary movie trailer if you haven't read the book my favorite novel. Read the book 1st or do the audiobook superbly performed by Ray Porter. This story deserves 16hr format not 2-3hr or 3min. The trailer spoils mysteries better uncovered slowly" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1945504395749442044) 2025-07-16T15:22Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@LinusPeters It's an unfortunate quirk of fiction that the route by which most stories have villains seek life extensions is via some mechanism that only works for [--] or a few people. The stories of rejuvenation technology that can scale to the masses is the exception esp among blockbusters" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1946310785246056686) 2025-07-18T20:47Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@elonmusk @grok @LaRaunce1 @davidasinclair @DeaconGlover1 @lifebiosciences Elon there's a huge amount of very interesting stuff going on in the aging field but this is but a small clinical step for [--] therapeutic approach which people are applying misleading phrasing to: Instead here's some other interesting stuff. (1/2) https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1949636212937113980 @davidasinclair @lifebiosciences A post started w/ misleading sensationalism (my reply: https://t.co/mmxcK1EfCV) amplified w/ more misleading semantics. Epigenetic reprogramming is one of the most exciting areas of the aging" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1949638157407785293) 2025-07-28T01:08Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "(2/2) Rubedo started ph1 trials for its senolytics. Juvena & Immunis staretd ph1 & [--] for stem-cell-secretion therapies. Scalable stem cell therapies have started getting FDA approval. The 1st misfolded protein pathology has multiple approvals. And in general there are over a dozen ph3 trials in progress for therapies that meaningfully treat core aspects of aging that contribute to multiple age-related diseases. See (which includes link to a 14min overview talk) https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1922658357481005230 https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1922658357481005230" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1949639319574229316) 2025-07-28T01:13Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "2. Aging studies want to use accelerated aging models to find big effect sizes w/ lower cost & faster readout but only interventions w/ benefits in diverse different accelerated aging models should be believed to be true aging interventions. GLP1 drugs haven't met this bar yet" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1952754917585646059) 2025-08-05T15:33Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "3. The n in this study was arguably a bit small for the current level of trust in epigenetic aging clocks" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1952754919636607073) 2025-08-05T15:33Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@AlexLongevity1 Of course I wasn't advocating blind kitchen-sink combine-everything. That's never been the SENS strategy nor the working plan of anyone pushing SENS-like divide & conquer approaches" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1955033320284361058) 2025-08-11T22:27Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@agingdoc1 Your question is conceptually sloppy: LEV achievement isn't a specific year it's a year for a given birth cohort (or for a given age of people in that year). https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1775280222675611895 @f2yHyhzLxd86489 Year of achievement of LEV will differ by birth year. There'll be a transition period where enough advances have happened for the folks then young but not those then old. Any guess on year for any birth cohort will have huge confidence intervals. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1775280222675611895 @f2yHyhzLxd86489 Year of achievement of LEV will differ by" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1955270282521821273) 2025-08-12T14:08Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@agingdoc1 That isn't true LEV. At best it could be called a weak form: short-term consistent w/ concept but not what most people want & mean by LEV. LEV requires 3yrs. A few breakthrus don't guarantee more breakthrus. Real LEV can only be confirmed in retrospect. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1935467451405545643 @jpsenescence It's also important to point out that we won't know LEV has been achieved except in retrospect. The first birth cohorts to make it will be right on the edge of not making it for decades as each new technology arrives just in the nick of time with no way to tell aheod" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1955338235384897836) 2025-08-12T18:38Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Why What need is there for objective criteria of LEV achievement Technological breakthroughs are inherently hard to predict. If we get an amazing advance & suddenly old people can be fully rejuvenated to young adult health then we can say achieved yay. But more likely we'll discover a set of technologies that can fix the easiest-to-fix sub-pathologies of aging including some of the ones that advance fastest & thus are most lifespan-limiting & this will extend lifespans a tiny bit. After we have tech good enough to at least mitigate somewhat most of the most aggressively life-limiting" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1955365615038066871) 2025-08-12T20:27Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "@MatttBuckley @FoundersPodcast @InvestLikeBest @dwarkesh_sp @cowenconvos There's still running cycling lifting walking & ironically even though we've had dishwashers for decades doing dishes cause dishwashers just can't seem to do it all" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1961886780757770458) 2025-08-30T20:20Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Using lifespan achieved to measure progress of the aging/longevity field is like measuring human progress to get to the moon during the Apollo program era in terms of height (distance from surface) achieved. It hides huge amounts of progress" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1966252799450296639) 2025-09-11T21:29Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "@johnhemming4mp @MicahZoltu This is true in places but I'd say the worse problem (as Aubrey has consistently pointed out & as is indicated by the SENS acronym) is that some of the aging problem is well enough understood now to be mostly an engineering problem but that isn't acknowledged widely enough" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1966532370149863820) 2025-09-12T16:00Z [----] followers, [--] engagements "OA is hard. Often said there's no disease-modifying treatment (ignoring Cartistem). Few tx in trials do more than lessen pain. But [--] that gets missed is Cynata Therapeutics' allogeneic MSC phase3 SCUlpTOR trial Au/NZ trial registry but not US registry. 4/7 https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspxACTRN=12620000870954 https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspxACTRN=12620000870954" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1966600283741454749) 2025-09-12T20:30Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Both of these now added to the phase [--] trials & approvals list that is the top row DB of meta-list. 5/7 http://AgingBiotech.info/trials http://AgingBiotech.info/trials" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1966600285951812028) 2025-09-12T20:30Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Even if these are small successes if viewed zoomed out to the full scale of the aging problem they are nonetheless at the vanguard of the clinical success that's just starting in earnest for the aging/longevity field which I've spoken about before: 7/7 https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1922658357481005230 One of the most exciting thing happening in the aging/longevity field that too few people discuss is that the aggregate pipeline of the entire sector has hit the exciting point where things are trickling thru to FDA approval & many more are on the way. My talk recently posted." [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1966600290649690595) 2025-09-12T20:30Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@davidasinclair Go ahead and say Longevity Escape Velocity (LEV). Use your reach to help make it a more mainstream concept & phrase" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1968695227465572574) 2025-09-18T15:14Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Just because progress is unpredictable doesn't invalidate the concept of trying not to artificially shorten one's life. Any deviation from optimal use of what's available already including lifestyle optimization that shortens life or advances age relative to what could have been achieved risks missing out on breakthroughs that become available in the window that one could have benefited from. This was the point of David's original generically-worded post. But to what Adam said LEV isn't a justification to latch onto any new tiny incrementally helpful new thing. Effect size matters. So far" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969055875626377598) 2025-09-19T15:07Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Longevity Escape Velocity (LEV) A clearly proper concept that too-often leads to misconceptions. Let's clear up a few misconceptions. And especially note one aspect of the analogy that fails. Let's review the basic concept the analogy to escape velocity. The similarities:" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158754881945906) 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [----] engagements "Gravity pulls objects down. Aging pulls health down. Objects accelerating up can reach a speed where they rise more than fall escaping crashing to the ground. Organisms can with advancing biotech reach a state where health improves more than declines escaping aging's effects" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158756861726835) 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "The big problem w/ LEV as a phrase is where the analogy breaks down: Once escape velocity is reached escape is then inevitable barring interference. No further effort (acceleration) is required. But there's no conservation of momentum analog for biotechnological progress rate" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158758644212023) 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Further scientific & technological advances are always needed for further medical progress against aging. What's even worse breakthroughs aren't guaranteed on a schedule. Rocket acceleration is predictable so long as there is fuel. Biotech advances to counter aging are not" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158760456163754) 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "This has consequences for the way one should conceive of & talk about LEV. The basic idea is unchanged: That advances may extend lifespans so that people able to benefit from those advances may then see more advances in the time they otherwise wouldn't have had" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158762377232617) 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "The later advances may extend lifespans enough to see more. Etc. until aging is a negligible factor in mortality/lifespans. But advances may come in many forms. Eg may extend lifespans of the young more than the old. May cure some aspects of aging but not others. So:" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158764184879427) 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "There's no single date in which LEV starts. When an advance comes the young may benefit but be too late for the already old. It makes more sense to talk about achieving LEV for people born a specific year or people with biological age X at the time of the advance" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158766139416662) 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Because timing of future advances are uncertain we can never know that LEV has even started. We'll only know in retrospect once all the necessary advances have happened that LEV was achieved" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158767787831658) 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "We might know that progress potentially consistent with LEV has been achieved if remaining expected lifespans begin to extend faster than time passes but that won't be a guarantee of continuation of the necessary advances at the necessary rate" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158770572841419) 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "The only way we will be able to be confident of LEV being achieved without waiting a long time for actuarial data is if comprehensive rejuvenation to young adult or at most middle age biology is achieved to the best of technology's ability to distinguish bio state & function" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158772326088919) 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Many people believe LEV is inevitable given that biology is just molecules. Others don't even think it's possible eventually. I'm in the inevitable eventually camp. But it's sloppy to discuss questions like what year will LEV be achieved. IMO it won't be next year or decade" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158774297354251) 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "@adamgries @davidasinclair More thoughts on LEV: https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158754881945906 Longevity Escape Velocity (LEV) A clearly proper concept that too-often leads to misconceptions. Let's clear up a few misconceptions. And especially note one aspect of the analogy that fails. Let's review the basic concept the analogy to escape velocity. The similarities: https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158754881945906 Longevity Escape Velocity (LEV) A clearly proper concept that too-often leads to misconceptions. Let's clear up a few misconceptions. And especially note one aspect of the" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969159291828343027) 2025-09-19T21:58Z [----] followers, [---] engagements "Discusses that there's growing pressure to change public health messaging to relax the total sun avoidance messaging that has dominated in recent decades" [X Link](https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1970217006445273391) 2025-09-22T20:01Z [----] followers, [---] engagements Limited data mode. Full metrics available with subscription: lunarcrush.com/pricing
@KarlPfleger Karl Pfleger
Karl Pfleger posts on X about lev, in the, list, health the most. They currently have [-----] followers and [---] posts still getting attention that total [--] engagements in the last [--] hours.
Engagements: [--] #
- [--] Week [-----] +216%
- [--] Month [-----] +58%
- [--] Months [------] -83%
- [--] Year [-------] -66%
Mentions: [--] #
- [--] Week [--] no change
- [--] Month [--] +32%
- [--] Months [---] +22%
- [--] Year [---] +33%
Followers: [-----] #
- [--] Week [-----] +0.50%
- [--] Month [-----] +1.30%
- [--] Months [-----] +8.50%
- [--] Year [-----] +23%
CreatorRank: [---------] #
Social Influence
Social category influence currencies finance stocks technology brands nhl countries celebrities social networks automotive brands travel destinations
Social topic influence lev, in the, list, health, list of, study, data, the most, a list, humans
Top assets mentioned Alphabet Inc Class A (GOOGL) Populous (PPT) Tesla, Inc. (TSLA) GLP1 (GLP1) Enzyme (MLN) AbbVie Inc (ABBV) BRYAN (BRYAN)
Top Social Posts
Top posts by engagements in the last [--] hours
"Very proud of my portfolio company Juvena on its $41M series A Great biz model platform team Secreted proteins (esp f/ stem cells) have amazing potential to improve health in diverse disease categories & likely to REJUVENATE important aspects of health. https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20221108005193/en/Juvena-Therapeutics-Secures-41-Million-to-Accelerate-the-Discovery-and-Development-of-Biologics-for-Chronic-and-Age-Related-Diseases"
X Link 2022-11-09T19:07Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@ModKees @strygah The Fable of the Dragon-Tyrant is great. More people should link it and read it & read it to their kids (I did). Note that I've now linked it as an honorable mention from in the "other lists of objections & counterarguments" sheet. http://AgingBiotech.info/objections https://nickbostrom.com/fable/dragon http://AgingBiotech.info/objections https://nickbostrom.com/fable/dragon"
X Link 2023-04-10T22:54Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"Proud of my portfolio company Amprion for their -synuclein test just hailed as major PD breakthrough by MJFF with publication of new Lancet paper "the most significant breakthrough yet in the search for a Parkinsons biomarker" https://www.michaeljfox.org/publication/michael-j-fox-foundation-announces-significant-breakthrough-search-parkinsons-biomarker http://AmprionDx.com https://www.michaeljfox.org/publication/michael-j-fox-foundation-announces-significant-breakthrough-search-parkinsons-biomarker http://AmprionDx.com"
X Link 2023-04-13T23:18Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"I'm starting to see lists of changes needed before the next pandemic but they all miss eradicating vitamin D deficiency despite the overwhelming evidence of its importance. On the order of half the world is deficient & deficiency clearly impairs immune function. There are now (at min) [--] big systematic meta-analyses of vitamin D & Covid since Dec'21. [--] study D levels & [--] supplementation. Newest both. Strong consistent & highly statistically significant results: Low D raises & supplementation lowers all stages of Covid risk by 1.5-3x 🧵 https://t.co/sODKnrOUq5 There are now (at min) [--] big"
X Link 2023-05-11T14:18Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"The efficiency of targeting pathologies underlying many aging diseases is too important not to prioritize. The econ benefit is huge concluded "a slowdown in aging that increases life expectancy by [--] year is worth US$38 trillion and by [--] years US$367t" https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-021-00080-0 https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-021-00080-0"
X Link 2023-09-07T23:15Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@guilherme_paiao @Aging_Scientist @fedichev @DocLarus @mkaeberlein @MaxUnfried @NirBarzilaiMD CR extends lifespan more than exercise. Diet should be 1st most important lifestyle factor optimized not exercise. So exercise can't offset overeating in mice as much as rapa can. Not the point. No data that rapa has benefit in mice that aren't overfed right Nor in humans"
X Link 2023-10-07T01:06Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
""Our findings here show that just giving patients some Vit D does not help them achieve optimal levels" Just b/c a trial is big doesn't mean it answers the right question. Most failed D trials don't negate the hypothesis that raising levels f/ low to sufficient improves health"
X Link 2023-12-06T21:37Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Of course the real credit goes to the content creators so FYI & thanks to @BioAgePodcast @BuckInstitute @AgingJrnl @theA4LI @gblander1 @longecity_org @Ryan0Shea @aasthajs @ihmc_stemtalk @Longevity_Forum @davidasinclair @vita_dao @agingdoc1 @BioVerge @foresightinst & the rest plus all the guests"
X Link 2024-01-18T19:31Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"I shared my views of the field: important vs trad healthcare impact of lifestyle vs next-gen therapeutics in development sub-areas of the field I think are promising & have biotech startups what clocks are/aren't currently good for why I made & more"
X Link 2024-01-26T00:22Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Full transcript at the above link & 1hr audio version available on all major podcast platforms with links from the SuperAge main web page to Apple Google & Spotify podcast versions"
X Link 2024-01-26T00:22Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"I don't try to grow my social media following by posting provocative stuff amplifying the popular posting many simple links to latest news/papers or typical 'influencer' activity. I lean towards thoughtful posts that synthesize/organize/summarize especially important stuff"
X Link 2024-01-27T19:21Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"That's not a recipe for social media dominance & that's fine. I nonetheless just hit [----] followers here on X. Not huge by any means but I'm proud that they include many high level scientists & biotech entrepreneurs & investors especially in the aging/longevity area"
X Link 2024-01-27T19:21Z [--] followers, [---] engagements
"Was nice to be included in this top [---] on X for longevity Generally are there better metrics to judge following on X (or LinkedIn) than # followers Eg PageRank-esque Or ways to judge following of "Science-Twitter" specifically Any common favorites There you have it https://t.co/vtVfkwikvn There you have it https://t.co/vtVfkwikvn"
X Link 2024-01-27T19:21Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Brief thread about international frustrating at officialdom from many in the scientific & medical community for what appears to be willful dismissal of scientific evidence that vitamin D is important for immune function & Covid:"
X Link 2024-01-29T21:39Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"I've had the privilege of meeting & working w/ many global research experts on vitD since start of pandemic as well as many medical practitioners & experts in public health. Those who have followed me on social media or read through my pinned posts can see a lot of the science"
X Link 2024-01-29T21:39Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@TomStiles16 Not looking for validation just trying to correct misinterpretation & highlight an apparent contradiction. mTOR inhibitors (eg rapa) seem beneficial even when started late in life yet this paper suggests increasing protein (which should increase mTOR) is better late in life"
X Link 2024-02-11T15:44Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@TomStiles16 We can add this to other apparent contradictions in the aging field: Hyperbaric oxygen seems beneficial but other data show living at low-oxygen altitude is good. Taurine supplementation seems good but much other data show the healthiest diets are those lowest in taurine (WFPB)"
X Link 2024-02-11T15:47Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"just fullyupdated. [--] changes of note: A new top book burst onto the list in the (objectively ranked) top spot And a new separate sublist/tab for books primarily concerned w/ how to optimize lifestyle for longevity. Details below:"
X Link 2024-02-12T14:58Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Obesity is the hot topic in biotech/pharma right now. Alas I fear this may be a bad thing for the aging field something that sidetracks the field. I'm prob one of the few not to fully celebrate BioAge's recent huge series D round. I'm good friends with the company & happy for its growth & funding but the accompanying pivot to obesity is disappointing to me. Obviously this helped unlock the money so maybe the tradeoff is worth it if it helps fund the field or catapult it to wider recognition & acceptance. Jury is still out on those. But I hate obesity & metabolic diseases (ie T2D) as"
X Link 2024-02-29T01:05Z [----] followers, 36.1K engagements
"@kgiperez The usual way to ensure generality if using premature aging models is to use at least [--] ideally 3+ diff causes of accelerated aging & show that the therapy rescues all of them. But how many of the drugs for obesity are going to be tested in eg progeroid humans or astronauts too"
X Link 2024-03-01T15:54Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@kgiperez (PS But of course BioAge's muscle atrophy therapy would probably be great for the astronauts/space model/application. I'm pro work on muscle aging because to me muscle aging seems much more universal & inevitable than obesity & metabolic syndrome.)"
X Link 2024-03-01T17:02Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@timrpeterson @LNuzhna @fedichev Peter has not yet convinced the SENS crowd or me that SENS (or a variant of it) is not a plan capable of helping everyone including the healthiest people"
X Link 2024-03-03T16:36Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"Secondary point: Lab mice fed adlib are not good models of mice in evolutionary conditions which get more exercise & less food. Average modern humans (ie clinical trial populations drawn f/ the general public) in developed countries are not good models of humans in evolutionary normal conditions who are far less overweight & metabolically unhealthy. Some fraction of modern humans are lifelong lean & active but aging still affects these people who all fail to live past [---]. Thus efficacy in typical lab mouse may not translate to benefit for all mice & efficacy in an avg human trial cohort may"
X Link 2024-03-03T19:34Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Side comment: Bioage was only a side comment. If anyone can do obesity & still limit themselves to MOAs/Tx that generalize to help the overall solve-aging mission it's them esp w/ Kristen at helm. I brought it up only as a sign b/c I think many other companies are likely to make similar pivots given the vast $ in obesity right now & I worry this will sidetrack a portion of the field"
X Link 2024-03-03T19:34Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Tried to rephrase/summarize after the feedback/comments here & elsewhere in new post: Thx everyone for recent discussion. Here's a rephrasing+summary to separate points people took separate issue with & to try to make clearer the common ground that I think most of us agree about. There are [--] related but separable points/issues which I'll put in separate Tweets. Thx everyone for recent discussion. Here's a rephrasing+summary to separate points people took separate issue with & to try to make clearer the common ground that I think most of us agree about. There are [--] related but separable"
X Link 2024-03-03T19:42Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Apparent contradictions in aging research: More or less oxygen More or less taurine More or less protein Late-life mTOR/protein/rapamycin up or down What else A thread"
X Link 2024-03-18T16:43Z [----] followers, 13.2K engagements
"Oxygen: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) ie high O2 generated some excitement recently but long-term high-altitude low-oxygen has much data showing improved longevity"
X Link 2024-03-18T16:43Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Late-life mTOR/protein/rapamycyin: Protein upregulates mTOR. Rapamycin downregulates it. Late-life rapa provides longevity benefits but a famous paper suggests net mortality benefits from raising protein intake in late life"
X Link 2024-03-18T16:43Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Potential resolutions: Oxygen: HBOT is intermittent vs constant low-O2 of altitude Or altitude living correlates w/ other stuff (eg more exercise)"
X Link 2024-03-18T16:43Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@MicahZoltu Certainly there's the science about kids exposure to dirt being good though that may be more about avoiding autoimmune stuff eg allergies than aging related stuff"
X Link 2024-03-18T20:20Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@MicahZoltu Potential resolution: Maybe it's dose: not none & not a severe case. Maybe it's about not having impaired immune function when infected. Eg maybe data on persistent infections & eg dementias mostly f/ ppl w/ severe cases due to deficiency of eg vitD mag zinc selenium etc"
X Link 2024-03-18T20:25Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@johnhemming4mp @marc_dema also noted in a reply that it's the return to normoxia that's important. So if it's just the derivative (decreasing O2) that matters can hyperbaric chamber results be obtained by suddenly dropping from norm to lower instead Or cycling up/down @KarlPfleger We have shown that hypoxia restrains the SASP and there are evidences for other geroprotective functions. The paradox hyperoxia-hypoxia can be explained by the fact that when tissues return to normoxia after a period of hyperoxia they seem to activate hypoxic mechanisms @KarlPfleger We have shown that hypoxia"
X Link 2024-03-19T21:07Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@mitchellblee33 @mkaeberlein @kapahi_pankaj The aging field has just as clear a goal: to end (adult) aging (not child development but the aging after achievement of adulthood). There's no big debate on this. Diffs are just on relative priorities on the way or what to settle for if above not fully achievable"
X Link 2024-03-24T21:13Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"You claim that a cancer cure had more clear precedent than an aging cure seems like opinion to me not defensible fact. No disease remotely as complex had ever been fully cured. CVD (perhaps closest in complexity) hadn't seen much of a dent by then. To the extent one wants to use curing much simpler diseases as claimed precedent we have a perfectly good simpler precedent/analogy for defeating aging in classic car restoration & maintenance an analogy multiple of the top people in the field have used time & time again. But regardless of how good any precedents were that doesn't necessarily mean"
X Link 2024-03-24T21:20Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Artificial Intelligence as a field has much in common with the aging/longevity field. I hadn't realized how many parallels until thinking about it this week. (These are my former & current fields respectively.) A list of similarities:"
X Link 2024-03-26T18:21Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Funny (or really not-so-funny) aside: Nixon is quoted in [----] saying about the signing of the cancer act: "I hope that in the years ahead that we look back on this as being the most significant action taken during this Administration. If only"
X Link 2024-03-26T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Artificial Intelligence as a field has much in common w/ aging/longevity. See If ever there was a field that suffered over-hype/optimism as much as aging it's AI. Those in aging may not know some of this history. Hopefully the below is illuminating. Artificial Intelligence as a field has much in common with the aging/longevity field. I hadn't realized how many parallels until thinking about it this week. (These are my former & current fields respectively.) A list of similarities: Artificial Intelligence as a field has much in common with the aging/longevity field. I hadn't realized how many"
X Link 2024-03-26T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"1958 also saw experts Newell & Simon predict "within ten years a digital computer will be the world's chess champion". They were off by 4x as it took 40yrs instead (before Deep Blue beat Kasparov). The above Navy prediction didn't have a date but prob didn't mean 60+ yrs"
X Link 2024-03-26T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Even when researchers acknowledge limitations press sometimes doesn't as in [----] when IBM's Watson won Jeopardy vs [--] humans. Some reasonable articles but also: "The machines are taking over" & "Jeopardy Proves the End Is Nigh Watson Will Enslave Us Soon""
X Link 2024-03-26T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Epigenetic changes: Some success w/ in- or ex-vivo partial reprogramming seems almost likely in 5-15yrs (esp of things like HSCs or other stem cells) given preclin data huge funding & # companies eg Altos Retro NewLimit Turn Life Shift Junevity "
X Link 2024-04-02T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"ECM: Breaking crosslinks at least in easy-access areas (arteries eyes) prob just enzyme engineering (eg Revel Pharma Lento Bio). Targeted chelation ECM growth factors & ECM injection in preclin too (eg Elastrin Elastin Bio XM Tx). 5-15yr progress certainly possible"
X Link 2024-04-02T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Aging less functional stem cells: Lots of preclin data showing stem cell rejuvenation via injection of young stem cells or their secretions eg Juvena Immunis (ph1/2a). Other approaches being researched too inc drugs. Progress seems achievable in 5-15yrs"
X Link 2024-04-02T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Intracellular junk eg lipofuscin: Also mostly understood enzyme engineering plus delivery. Eg Lysoclear (part of Ichor in late preclin). Just maybe this approach could handle microplastic accumulation too. Progress conceivable in 10-20yrs for at least some tissue/cell types"
X Link 2024-04-02T19:50Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@stanete @MikhailBatin @maggie_1i This comment seems to indicate some kind of misunderstanding about what the SENS approach is"
X Link 2024-04-02T20:52Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@f2yHyhzLxd86489 Year of achievement of LEV will differ by birth year. There'll be a transition period where enough advances have happened for the folks then young but not those then old. Any guess on year for any birth cohort will have huge confidence intervals"
X Link 2024-04-02T21:52Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@f2yHyhzLxd86489 That said most optimist end of my 95% confidence interval is we're on path to LEV for most people today60yo. Pessimistic end hard to pinpoint. Prob those today 18yo may hit [---] but prob not 250+/LEV. Much depends on how fast funding rises"
X Link 2024-04-02T22:07Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"New rating named San Francisco healthiest populous US city partly for lowest % obese adults: 19% 19% obese adults is LOWEST Wow 😔 SF [----] was 15% All US avg [----] = 19% Slowing aging by 1yr worth $38T economically Obesity speeds aging by more than that. US obesity rates have doubled since late 1970s (just less than [--] generations). Society is shooting itself in the foot in a big way. https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-021-00080-0 https://wallethub.com/edu/healthiest-cities/31072 https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-021-00080-0 https://wallethub.com/edu/healthiest-cities/31072"
X Link 2024-04-04T18:40Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Proud of Marco & my portfolio company Rubedo for a new big ($40M) round on the way to effective senolytics likely the 1st big rejuvenation therapies to clinic. Rubedo's moving fast. This is my 2nd Rubedo round. Notable: Hevolution picked Rubedo for [--] of its 1st few investments. Rubedo lands $40m to advance senescence-targeting therapeutics into clinical trials. Longevity biotech @LifeRubedo plans Phase [--] #senotherapeutics trial this year as it seeks to keep people biologically young. #longevity #investment #senescence https://t.co/dp07wVlvUV Rubedo lands $40m to advance senescence-targeting"
X Link 2024-04-22T15:56Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"@LongevityTech @Founders_Forum @brenthoberman @LDNTechWeek Megatrends have long 'moments' & aging/longevity is gonna be a big megatrend. It's moment started a few years ago & will continue for a good while"
X Link 2024-05-09T15:29Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@ArtemyShumskiy @irat1onal @RyanBethencourt @vkhosla @SynBioBeta I think # ppl willing to eat healthy would also rise if restaurants had the healthy options. If a restaurant near me had Ornish-compliant meals I'd eat there frequently. If a chain that existed along most highways & in most airports did ditto"
X Link 2024-05-10T15:16Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@ArtemyShumskiy @irat1onal @RyanBethencourt @vkhosla @SynBioBeta Sadly almost no restaurants offer Ornish/Esselstyn compliant meals. You'd think Chipotle salads or some of the bowls at Panera look like they might comply but inexplicably even the brown rice at Chipotle has 3x the fat (tot & sat) as steamed brown rice. https://www.reddit.com/r/PlantBasedDiet/comments/199vpl2/comment/kijisov/utm_source=share&utm_medium=web3x&utm_name=web3xcss&utm_term=1&utm_content=share_button"
X Link 2024-05-10T15:18Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Many ppl experiment w/ personal use of therapies despite that scientific understanding & eval of many is patchy. What data/analysis exists isn't easy to collect. There's no central place to find links to much of the relevant papers/data. This is meant to be one such collection"
X Link 2024-06-20T00:01Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Overall philosophy of is great things on the way from biotech not yet avail. Some ppl don't want to wait but one should be cautious of over-interpreting aging therapy data. This can aid deep dives. A jumping off point maybe better than just a web-search. http://AgingBiotech.info http://AgingBiotech.info"
X Link 2024-06-20T00:01Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@EricTopol @ScienceMagazine @jpsenescence Not as complex as soundbites imply. Senescent Cells (SnCs) play good roles transiently (development wound healing etc) but little quality data shows benefits requiring them to be long-lived. This paper (& many like it) would be better if they more clearly emphasized this diff"
X Link 2024-06-20T20:32Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"I've now finished Michael Greger's big 640-page book How Not To Age It's now BY FAR my top rec of books on lifestyle for health & slowing aging. It's also a great intro to aging biology. Short 🧵 w/ a slightly more detailed review: https://www.amazon.com/How-Not-Age-Scientific-Healthier/dp/1250796334 https://www.amazon.com/How-Not-Age-Scientific-Healthier/dp/1250796334"
X Link 2024-06-27T20:07Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"There was more weirdness in some of TruDiagnostic's other reports. They report some conventional blood biomarkers. I had these tested by LabCorp from the same venous draw but got very diff #s: Specifically they provided estimates of HbA1C creatinine alk phos fasting glucose & albumin which differed from the labcorp measured values by 12-30%. Ryan explained that epigenetic biomarker proxies (EBP) can differ from the actual marker they proxy implying (but I'm not totally clear on this) that the reports numbers were EBPs not direct measurements of the markers from the dried blood spot. He"
X Link 2024-07-01T14:56Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Summary take-homes: The opacity of Elysium's test & participation in the community from the TruDiagnostic team plus their openness about whose clocks they are licensing makes me trust them a bit more but the oddities in all this makes me not trust any particular # very much. And I'm not sure how to value GlycanAge vs the methylation based clocks. I've heard it claimed that it mostly measures inflammation. Supposedly they will have a way to diagnose menopause with it coming. But otherwise not sure what to do with GlycanAge estimates when they differ substantially from DNAm ones"
X Link 2024-07-01T14:56Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"@VitalikButerin @aidenfknrich @zhouliang_mask This logic of CO2 as proxy for poor ventilation works in unfiltered rooms like school rooms but doesn't the plane filter air thru filters similarly effective to the mask that also filter viruses w/o reducing CO2 thus making CO2 inaccurate as proxy for viral load"
X Link 2024-07-13T15:48Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"For motivation here are [--] sources NYT Pedro (a top aging researcher) & I noting that lifestyle makes a huge difference. A few posts down you can find my detailed analysis of the best papers I know showing that lifestyle makes 10-20yr diff for humans. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1811789084354076710 Viral spread of new NYT piece "The key to longevity is boring" on lifestyle (diet exercise smoking alcohol social). Not a new insight. In Jun I lamented that a vocal minority overestimate biohack benefits but most people underestimate lifestyle's: https://t.co/kY9sPslKGQ"
X Link 2024-07-15T16:07Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Adult obesity rates: 42% US 2% Vietnam 6% India (most populous country) 16% global Obesity speeds aging. US aging intervention trials will avg 2.5x more obese subjects vs global proportion. But a disproportionate % of biopharma trials data comes from US. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_obesity_rate https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_obesity_rate"
X Link 2024-07-16T13:53Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"It's not a race between reversible human biostasis & full aging cure it's a race between biostasis & LEV and LEV achievement depends on remaining lifespan (effectively biological age). It will be achieved earlier for those born later (and/or who live healthier). So eg biostasis may win for people who are currently seniors but LEV could still be achieved in time for those who are currently under 10yo to never need cryo. Both can be true. Where the breakpoint is has a lot of uncertainty though. Not even clear whether either will happen for anyone alive today (though I'm optimistic about both"
X Link 2024-07-31T18:58Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@jamesfickel Sounds like a good project (I've been an advocate of studying human intelligence for AI since [----] even where that was strongly opposed eg Stanford) & I like much that you support but the implication of your reason that human intelligence is 'safe' seems highly questionable"
X Link 2024-08-07T12:38Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Aging directly causes most of these so let me fix the fig for you. Recent changes don't look too noteworthy when looked at this way: 2019: aging aging injuries aging aging aging aging aging mostly aging suicide aging 2021: aging aging aging injuries aging aging aging aging aging aging suicide mostly aging 2023: aging aging injuries aging aging aging aging aging aging aging suicide mostly aging"
X Link 2024-08-09T16:35Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Top causes of death [----] [----] & [----]. When viewed properly not much has changed. Hopefully in 1-2 generations this graph will be much different. @EricTopol @JAMA_current Aging directly causes most of these so let me fix the fig for you. Recent changes don't look too noteworthy when looked at this way: 2019: aging aging injuries aging aging aging aging aging mostly aging suicide aging 2021: aging aging aging injuries aging aging https://t.co/ClXrGl2MfD @EricTopol @JAMA_current Aging directly causes most of these so let me fix the fig for you. Recent changes don't look too noteworthy when"
X Link 2024-08-09T16:38Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Problem: Mice die of cancer disproportionately more than humans so lifespan results are confounded by anti-cancer mechanisms (MoAs). How hard would it be to create a strain of mice mostly immune to cancer If we did how long would they live And what would they mostly die of"
X Link 2024-08-18T21:58Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"CR also has decent primate data (& rapa doesn't AFAIK) but effect size is unsurprisingly much lower as everyone expects CR & rapa effect sizes in humans also to be lower vs shorter-lived species"
X Link 2024-08-26T14:06Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@Mangan150 Obesity rate today in India (most populous country in the world) is 6%. Vietnam 2%. I don't think your statement applies to these places. Arguably majority of humans in places more like these than US/Europe. So just giving pushback that your statement isn't universally human"
X Link 2024-08-29T02:45Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"I'm very happy to be an Entos investor. Of course Lilly realized the potential of this platform long before this publication resulting in a $400M deal for neuro applications back in 2022: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/lilly-and-entos-pharmaceuticals-enter-into-research-and-collaboration-agreement-to-support-the-development-of-innovative-therapies-in-multiple-neurologic-indications-301454740.html"
X Link 2024-09-11T03:54Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"But though Entos prob doesn't need to raise more after the Lilly deal Oisin has the rights to all aging applications & has just done 1st close of their series A led by Abbvie: I'm a happy repeat investor in Oisin including in that 1st close via a SAFE. https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240724223072/en/Ois%C3%ADn-Biotechnologies-Announces-First-Close-of-15-Million-Series-A-Financing-Round-to-Advance-Therapies-for-Age-Related-Diseases"
X Link 2024-09-11T03:54Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"For those interested in exposure to the aging-applications of this platform check out Matt's video from the Longevity Summit Dublin: I'm guessing there is prob some room left in the 2nd close of this round. https://www.youtube.com/watchv=XrTX_DAuSAk https://www.youtube.com/watchv=XrTX_DAuSAk"
X Link 2024-09-11T03:54Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Basic cell senescence may have been known about before [----] but the breakthroughs & explosion that make it noteworthy & important are all 21st century just like epigenetics & methylation that underpin Yamanka factors & clocks. DNA Methylation was proposed as an important aspect of epigenitcs in the mid-1970s based on quick check just now. Yes the Baker [----] paper from van Deursen's group is what I was thinking of wrt 25% lifespan extension. On your replication question didn't Campisi lab at the Buck replicate the work And then both labs were a source of the transgenic mice (INK-ATTAC & 3MR"
X Link 2024-09-15T17:04Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@jpsenescence @kapahi_pankaj On your SnC benefits paper: nice bit of scholarship that IMO should have more clearly & earlier stressed distinction btwn transient SnCs vs long-lived ones as we discussed in That paper doesn't diminish importance of periodic ablation of persistent SnCs. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1803888672590434507 @EricTopol @ScienceMagazine @jpsenescence Not as complex as soundbites imply. Senescent Cells (SnCs) play good roles transiently (development wound healing etc) but little quality data shows benefits requiring them to be long-lived. This paper (& many like it)"
X Link 2024-09-15T17:12Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Short report: The state of the mitochondria portion of the aging biotech field: [--] companies $1.4+B raised 700+ people 150+ clinical trials many MoAs/targets: mitophagy transplant fission NAD+ UrolithinA CD38 PINK1 PPAR DRP1 USP30 Complex [--] OMA1 & more Read on:"
X Link 2024-09-16T22:28Z [----] followers, 26.3K engagements
"Longeveron does stem cells but notes mito xfer as potential MoA: Growing awareness of this in field. Maybe doesn't belong here or maybe SC corps should all classify as mito transplant. Thoughts Seemed worth including at least [--] such for completeness. https://longeveron.com/lomecel-b/ https://longeveron.com/lomecel-b/"
X Link 2024-09-16T22:28Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Mitophagy: Many approaches: Mitokinin: PINK1 Abbvie acq. for 110-655M Vincere: USP30 & maybe Parkin Timeline: Urolithin A supplement (& in ph2) Vandria: undisclosed but Hevolution led 30M round; patent suggests urolithin derivatives ImmuneAGE: links suggest urolithin related"
X Link 2024-09-16T22:28Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Clinical pipeline: Here's the aggregate clinical pipeline for the entire sub-sector as a sortable/restrictable sheet: And also as a static image sorted by clinical stage. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1wtv6Ax3bdjBZqPZpngCcQe48I1zLqYF3hVq5QhYgcbQ/editusp=sharing https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1wtv6Ax3bdjBZqPZpngCcQe48I1zLqYF3hVq5QhYgcbQ/editusp=sharing"
X Link 2024-09-16T22:29Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Grouping instead by indication: Much overlap CNS: [--] PD progams a few mitophagy but diff targets [--] AD [--] ALS muscle: [--] DMD metabolic: [--] obesity & [--] T2D eye: [--] AMD lung: [--] IPF kidney: [--] AKI cardiovascular: [--] IRI primary mito diseases (PMDs): [--] primary mito mypopathy [--] MELAS"
X Link 2024-09-16T22:29Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Feedback welcomed. Any important aging-relevant mito companies missing Which approaches seem most promising Should I turn this into a report w/ less Twitter-esque abbeviations to live elsewhere Should I do something like this for other aging subareas eg cell senescence"
X Link 2024-09-16T22:29Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Not all the data on extreme human aging is rotten. Saul Justin Newman's recent Ig Nobel for noting faked blue zone birth certificates generated overblown news & social media response that lacked wider perspective on other relevant data. A short thread: https://theconversation.com/the-data-on-extreme-human-ageing-is-rotten-from-the-inside-out-ig-nobel-winner-saul-justin-newman-239023utm_term=Autofeed&utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Twitter#Echobox=1726257638"
X Link 2024-09-21T16:51Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"@aubreydegrey @Nst_Egorova I urge caution for diff reasons: since much compelling data doesn't depend on birth certificates: https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1837535246256165250 Not all the data on extreme human aging is rotten. Saul Justin Newman's recent Ig Nobel for noting faked blue zone birth certificates generated overblown news & social media response that lacked wider perspective on other relevant data. A short thread: https://t.co/rh07evkBnq https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1837535246256165250 Not all the data on extreme human aging is rotten. Saul Justin Newman's recent Ig Nobel for"
X Link 2024-09-22T13:48Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@aubreydegrey @Nst_Egorova True that lifestyle won't achieve our goals but it still makes 10-20yr diff in humans & this needs boosting not de-emphasizing since people (esp in US) moving in directions of inactivity bad diet & obesity. This is causing many premature deaths & will cause many to miss LEV"
X Link 2024-09-22T13:52Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"There's a spectrum. Here are some examples of sustainable groups on the spectrum towards optimal CR: - Mid-1900s Okinawans did mild-to-moderate CR + active lifestyle for decades. - 7th-Day-Adventists do lifelong lean WFPB diet + - activity. - Obesity rates in US were 3x lower just 1-2 generations ago: 87% of US were non-obese in the 1960s. - Global avg BMI was [--] in [----]. - Current (let alone a couple generations ago) obesity rate in Vietnam is 2%. - In India (most populous country) current avg BMI is [--]. Obesity rate is 6% so that's 1.37B non-obese Indians. - Ornish 4-pronged lifestyle"
X Link 2024-09-23T18:27Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"How do we best align human BMI w/ calorie intake in mice Eg given a standard healthy mouse strain a spectrum of calorie intakes lead to a range of median lifespans (lower cal - longer life up to a point). Any way to know which med lifespan corresponds best to human BMI=22 (The total calorie intake can of course be quoted as %CR based on measuring ad-lib intake for the strain and usually is but this is irrelevant and in some ways confusing because human "ad-lib" intakes vary so greatly so it makes little sense to measure degree of CR in humans this way. It seems much better to measure human"
X Link 2024-09-24T17:56Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"In [----] The Economist noted the fertility rate of India (now most populous country on Earth) dropped below the replacement rate. Here's yet another datapoint to show that overpopulation worries are not a good reason to oppose aging/longevity advances. https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2021/12/11/why-the-demographic-transition-is-speeding-up Peak child: https://t.co/9oEemdHE0B https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2021/12/11/why-the-demographic-transition-is-speeding-up Peak child: https://t.co/9oEemdHE0B"
X Link 2024-09-26T15:16Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"I look forward to someday reading a detailed legal accounting of how a non-profit can legally transition into a for-profit (public benefit B corp or C corp) company w/ detailed analysis of the Open AI example. Clearly employees can leave [--] & join the other. But normally assets that live in the non-profit world can't be moved back to the for-profit world & that presumably includes not just cash/securities but also intellectual property & maybe even brand value. From a distance & from news articles I'm not clear on why everyone involved in Open AI didn't just leave & go form a new company when"
X Link 2024-09-26T16:16Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"What was the oral D3 dose I can't find it. Did I miss it Study group descriptions odd: 3rd group described as dull sunlight in some tables & oral supplement in others. Sun obviously provides benefits supplementation doesn't eg NO & all the (N)IR stuff but your conclusion that this data is additional evidence that sun is superior to supplementation is highly questionable without the D3 dose & without some assurance that this study's oral D supplementation arm didn't make all the normal errors of vitamin D supplementation trials as described in Boucher's paper "Why do so many trials of vitamin"
X Link 2024-10-15T14:08Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@ragheeb40 @RobSheko It's only been a few years since 1st TRIIM trial with only =10 subjects so (a) not long enough for meaningful long-term follow-up data & (b) not high enough n for strong conclusions even if it had been a decade+"
X Link 2024-10-15T17:23Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"The meme that senescent cells are sometimes good so we should be careful with senolytics is overdone. So far there's no good evidence of benefit from senescent cells (SnCs) that needs them to be long-lived.Thus applying too much caution to infrequent ablation by senolytics risks delaying substantial potential benefit. In showed periodic ablation of p16+ cells (an approximation of senescent cells) increased lifespan 25% w/ good health. This (& maybe a couple otherpapers around that time) kicked off the senolytics field. Since then there's been much work to develop senolytics & to characterize"
X Link 2024-10-16T16:48Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"The damage repair / rejuvenation approach to aging is a divide&conquer approach. Each intervention reverses an aspect of the slow age-related accumulation of changed molecular state often in just a subset of the body (cell type X organ/system). So none are panaceas. Not meant to be. It's only when a large suite of them are combined does it make sense to measure them against a panacea yardstick or to use lifespan extension as a main metric for evaluation. Aubrey works hard to get enough money for LEVF to do just 3-4 at a time but possibly even more will be needed to see really big effects on"
X Link 2024-10-17T21:17Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"Announcing version [---] a giant overhaul & update: - new columns - 50+ new companies - [---] companies fully up-to-date as of [----] inc. all of the most noteworthy - a new non-alphabetical default ordering based on rough significance (more on this below) . http://AgingBiotech.info/companies http://AgingBiotech.info/companies"
X Link 2024-10-21T14:56Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"@GeroMaxim @MikhailBatin Sometimes LLMs are basically reverse TL;DR transformers. Most of that was unnecessarily long for the degree of confidence in the info's validity we should assign"
X Link 2024-10-22T13:50Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@cryodao Stasis isn't a treatment for aging. Doesn't solve the problem"
X Link 2024-10-23T13:22Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"There's controversy over whether aging should be classified as a disease. I'm doing a debate on it tonight. Complex question with many angles. Here's a document with thoughts from several perspectives to try to help move the global conversation forward: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1f5XF5FouhoLQTDmONHTwPmUbhXSJ2YHQDLl6p0wonm0/editusp=sharing https://docs.google.com/document/d/1f5XF5FouhoLQTDmONHTwPmUbhXSJ2YHQDLl6p0wonm0/editusp=sharing"
X Link 2024-10-24T23:55Z [----] followers, 65.7K engagements
"@ahumanmichael Even w/ a good clock we need either aging to be a disease or the clock to be an approved surrogate endpoint. Without the latter it'll still be harder to bring new therapies to approval. This is discussed in "the duality of diseases and surrogate endpoints" section of the doc"
X Link 2024-10-25T14:13Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"Okay more info on last Thursday's debate: @EricVerdin Andrea Gartenbach @danielkrizek & I debated whether aging should be considered to be a disease at the 1st DOC mtg put together by Jordan Shlain @johnbattelle & Kevin Ryan. https://2024.doc.health/ https://2024.doc.health/"
X Link 2024-10-28T15:55Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@ChrisPollyanna1 For many people 1000IU won' be enough to get to serum levels countless studies show as lower-risk & that many groups have long recommended (30ng/ml) or even to 20ng/ml long the standard for deficiency to many & the min government rec in many places. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1365075509760024576 What are the best vitamin D dose response papers that any review of intake amount needed to achieve a min serum level in a min % of people should include Defaults: 20ng/ml (common government target) or [--] ng/ml (Endocrine Soc rec) in 97.5% (ie limit deficiency to =2.5%). (1/n)"
X Link 2024-11-06T23:00Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@ChrisPollyanna1 As for 4k: considered safe per official guidelines of: NAM: US Canada SACN: UK EFSA: Europe Nordic countries Netherlands Australia+NZ UAE Amer. Geriatrics Soc. No major agency specifies a lower tolerable intake limit"
X Link 2024-11-06T23:05Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"Is "Science Twitter" mass moving to BlueSky I'll stay here while I wait & see. We saw this before w/ Mastodon & Threads neither of which worked out as "Science Twitter" replacements AFAICT. 14.5M BlueSky users vs 250M X. This comment 8mo ago resonates: "Since Musk's takeover of Twitter I've seen three different platforms proclaimed as the 'new Academic Twitter': Mastodon Threads and Bluesky. The 'transition' to Mastodon and Threads failed completely and although there seems to have been considerably more takeup at Bluesky (at least in my field) the academic community there is tiny compared"
X Link 2024-11-16T17:36Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"I collected refs on clinical trial success rates. Summary: 90% regulatory review success post phase [--] 50-70% ph3 to approval (= ph3 success rate since 90%=100%) 25% ph2 success rate (to ph3) (so 15% ph2 to approval=.6*.25) 10% ph1 to approval https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1-xCzDhcNtXInz-Z1KKfrjQEDdgyCXU92mPqN2aWOKMQ/editusp=sharing https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1-xCzDhcNtXInz-Z1KKfrjQEDdgyCXU92mPqN2aWOKMQ/editusp=sharing"
X Link 2024-11-30T00:19Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"@tpr720 Just as curing [--] age-related disease doesn't bring big lifespan gain since other diseases get you fixing [--] aging molecular pathology prob brings little lifespan gain since 10-15 other aging pathologies get you. Not the right metric of progress. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1743647649432055984 My views on why the ITP isn't the right way to measure overall progress in the aging/longevity field & what else the field should be doing to measure progress of rejuvenation (age reversal) therapies. Scroll up for context. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1743647649432055984 My views on why"
X Link 2024-11-30T20:57Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@tpr720 A good but still completely open question is what fraction of cancer will be prevented by fixing accumulation of long-lived senescent cells as a problem"
X Link 2024-11-30T21:00Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@elonmusk @paulg Wrong test. Instead use AI to tell if insights/analysis added. Linking news piece or science pub w/ no explanation why it's important or added analysis/comments is lazy linking even if posting quote & pic with link in reply. Link w/ analysis in [--] post is less lazy & better"
X Link 2024-12-05T14:39Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Surprises me so many (n=57) agree a consensus def of aging is essential. Do they think AI field achieved consensus def of intelligence before its huge gains It didn't. No consensus porn def either. Famously only know-it-when-you-see-it. Didn't stop creating practical filters. Progress in most areas requires neither precise definitions nor consensus. They're nice & often help but 'essential' is a strong word"
X Link 2024-12-05T22:03Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Consensus definitions are not typically 'essential' to progress in most science technology & engineering fields. Why should aging be any different @biogerontology @gladyshev_lab Surprises me so many (n=57) agree a consensus def of aging is essential. Do they think AI field achieved consensus def of intelligence before its huge gains It didn't. No consensus porn def either. Famously only know-it-when-you-see-it. Didn't stop creating practical filters. https://t.co/IBoUc30Z1K @biogerontology @gladyshev_lab Surprises me so many (n=57) agree a consensus def of aging is essential. Do they think AI"
X Link 2024-12-05T23:50Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"No one (esp not me) disputes that there's much great theoretical basis underlying the current neural-network based AI boom with broad consensus about it from within the connectionist community. You wrote many replies just now trying to argue against a point you think I made that I did not. Pop up a level. I did my Stanford CS PhD researching increasingly deep neural net research in the 1990s at Stanford when Stanford's CS PhD program was ranked #1 in the world & it had many of the biggest names in AI as faculty. Many of the non-fluff foundational underpinnings of the current AI boom are built"
X Link 2024-12-06T19:10Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@AlgebraicAmin01 I'm half way through manually categorizing them & will soon release the full table with indications targets/MoAs assessment of likelihood to generalize to multiple age-related diseases etc"
X Link 2024-12-06T20:53Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@seagertp While an interesting thought any compensation is clearly insufficient in modern society. Many papers show more deficiency in winter eg see this chart. Source (top Google result for vitamin d levels by time of year from data in https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2677029/ https://www.grassrootshealth.net/blog/seasonal-vitamin-d-levels/ https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2677029/ https://www.grassrootshealth.net/blog/seasonal-vitamin-d-levels/"
X Link 2024-12-11T18:55Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"@UdayandQusay @elonmusk @paulg Your reply is completely off topic. The political leaning of a post is entirely orthogonal to the topic under discussion in this thread of the bias for posts with external links vs posts with added insights. Either of those could be left or right politically"
X Link 2024-12-12T04:39Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"Q: Given a finished clinical trial (clinicaltrials gov labels completed & finish date in the past) esp a ph3 what are best ways to check how it went & what's next - Company website - Search pubmed Google Scholar &/or web for NCT# trial name &/or company - what else"
X Link 2024-12-18T18:54Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Aging is by far the leading cause of death but of non-age-related causes auto accidents are one of the top killers. Autonomous vehicles will change that. 10x safer than humans (90% reduction in bodily injury). Our mission is to be the world's most trusted driver and a new study by @SwissRe validates the exceptional safety record of the Waymo Driver. Learn more: https://t.co/aMTGDZqmtY https://t.co/NKRp93JeSv Our mission is to be the world's most trusted driver and a new study by @SwissRe validates the exceptional safety record of the Waymo Driver. Learn more: https://t.co/aMTGDZqmtY"
X Link 2024-12-20T16:14Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"@elonmusk Cheap GLP1 drugs is easier than optimizing lifestyle but optimizing lifestyle would do much more to improve health lifespan & quality of life & be cheaper. 10x more evidence than for GLP1s. Eg everyone doing the Ornish program would be worlds better than GLP1s"
X Link 2024-12-20T17:00Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@KillenMd Alas vasodilation worsens nasal congestion. (Popular OTC nasal decongestant Afrin/oxymetazoline is a vasoconstrictor.) Inhaling thru nose also raises NO levels & lots of evidence nose breathing healthier than mouth. So tradeoffs"
X Link 2024-12-22T16:09Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"The idea that carbs & esp grains are bad is surprisingly common. Many ppl meal plan by thinking of a meat + a veggie (maybe +salad) w/ no grains or legumes. Prob caused by badness of refined & processed grains. Veggies + WHOLE grains + legumes is healthier than veggies + meat"
X Link 2025-01-01T19:08Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"So of course I can't query how many people in my community are on BlueSky not on X but 84% of those here in my circle are not on BS. 3x as many who are on both say they have more views from X vs BS than the converse but clearly small sample. No strong signal to add BS to me"
X Link 2025-01-26T04:33Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Limiting yourself to only to in vivo results in published papers is like sticking your head in the sand. You'll be 2-5 years behind what's actually happening. All [--] of the companies I mentioned above have been at it for at least [--] years & have been vocal about what they are doing publishing preprints & presenting at conferences repeatedly. They all start with in vitro naturally. @dives86 has presented at numerous conferences & done many interviews. @newlimit has put out many papers. @JanineSengstack finished her 6-year PhD on this at UCSF presented it at BAAM & put out a preprint with the (in"
X Link 2025-01-31T16:21Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@CharlesMBrenner @ShiftBioscience @newlimit @junevity W.r.t. OSKM I will also note that Vittorio Sebastiano's lab at Stanford has published many papers on RNA-based OSKMLN including I'm pretty sure in vivo mouse data and he has repeatedly stated in his talks that they've observed no tumors"
X Link 2025-01-31T16:25Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Important & noteworthy things have been happening in the aging/longevity world that for some reason aren't getting talked about much while other much less important narratives dominate discussion"
X Link 2025-02-07T18:30Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"I'll expand on this over the next few weeks & months. Stay tuned for some detailed & hopeful posts talks & interviews. Next up: An important post next week (prob Mon). A talk at Foresight Vision Weekend Puerto Rico. I'll also be at Vitalist Bay some inc. a talk in early May"
X Link 2025-02-07T18:30Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@dullunlivin @LinusPeters @theA4LI +1 Lifespan & Vitalism work to convince the public. The other side of that is educating & convincing politicians & their staff. Both should be pursued. Recent US change of administration is a big opportunity for change. $ to A4LI prob esp high leverage currently. I donate"
X Link 2025-02-09T17:55Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"Let's contrast this topic vs [--] of the most talked about topics in the field GLP-1 drugs & Bryan Johnson: GLP-1 drugs slow aging in overweight/obesity (really they rescue the sped up aging). BJ's extreme lifestyle optimization tries to optimize longevity w/ everything available"
X Link 2025-02-10T17:20Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Few in the aging field think Bryan Johnson's routine extends his max lifespan much. It improves healthspan so may let him live to see new breakthrus. Few thinks GLP1 drugs help humans exceed [---]. ATTR tx may help everyone 70/80/90+ and look likely to extend max human lifespan"
X Link 2025-02-10T17:20Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@ragheeb40 @AmprionDx I notice that there were scans when I glanced through (linked above). Paper has pics. See the DPD Scintigraphy & CT Scans sections. I didn't look into how hard it would be to get such a scan. If you do please report back here. https://www.jacc.org/doi/full/10.1016/j.jcmg.2020.05.029 https://www.jacc.org/doi/full/10.1016/j.jcmg.2020.05.029"
X Link 2025-02-10T18:37Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@ragheeb40 @AmprionDx One could imagine asking the longevity oriented scanning companies about whether they could offer it as part of their test suites. HLI Qbio Biograph Fountain Life etc. Seems like it would be a natural fit. High cost is clearly not a limiting factor for their customer base"
X Link 2025-02-10T18:38Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"Is the lack of any candidate treatment ready for clinical trials the problem I'm not familiar with the process of getting FDA to agree to a new indication for a trial but this would seem odd. Weren't many diseases considered diseases long before we had any candidate therapy"
X Link 2025-03-07T23:51Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"What would it take to get the FDA to agree to thymus disease as an indication Success in a trial would presumably mean improved thymic function. Several aspects of thymic function can be directly measured as well as thymus volume & fat incursion directly"
X Link 2025-03-07T23:51Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"There's plenty of movement in the telomeres area. Bill Andrews' efforts haven't gone far but Rejuvenation Tech (which I invested in) has a promising looking mRNA approach. Telocyte got good funding to pursue it's gene threapy. Elixirgen & Telos also working on this. And Rejuveron had a sub-company on this---not sure its status"
X Link 2025-03-08T17:31Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"For sure. After spending as much as has been spent I would hope so (And some disease specific funding should continue.) But how much more societal health (& consequent economic gain) could have been had if a big % of that has shifted to aging biology years ago (Or how much sooner would it come in future under that hypothetical vs the actual status quo)"
X Link 2025-03-10T15:03Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"I made a list of suggestions on how to minimize microplastics & nanoplastics (MNPs) for health. Open to anyone for commenting to help crowdsource improve it. The focus is personal health not environment (which would be a bigger list). Hope it helps. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1OG-NJZZ4I587LxP4kvp0WhAUIWGC-yR6Ets0Flr7P5M/editusp=sharing https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1OG-NJZZ4I587LxP4kvp0WhAUIWGC-yR6Ets0Flr7P5M/editusp=sharing"
X Link 2025-03-12T16:42Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"@ProfEmilyOster Also on the topic of post-Covid educational regression just out this week from The Economist: Blue-state blues The pandemic hit pupils hardest in Americas Democrat-leaning states How much were school-closure policies to blame https://www.economist.com/united-states/2025/03/17/the-pandemic-hit-pupils-hardest-in-americas-democrat-leaning-states https://www.economist.com/united-states/2025/03/17/the-pandemic-hit-pupils-hardest-in-americas-democrat-leaning-states"
X Link 2025-03-24T14:00Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@MaxUnfried The SENS damage repair approach argues these are unnecessary to engineer fixes to age-related molecular changes w/ clear evidence of harm & connection to age-related conditions. Eg accumulation of long-loved senescent cells lipofuscin misfolded proteins ECM cross-links etc"
X Link 2025-05-11T14:29Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Poll: Is the SENS philosophy (not necessarily the original specifics) a viable approach for the aging field SENS philosophy = divide & conquer rejuvenation that involves many infrequent therapies to reverse different age-related changes. (Epigenetic reprogramming is included.) Yes No Yes No"
X Link 2025-05-11T20:17Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Primarily [--] thing that dominates the field but a few others that are gaining popularity recently: [--]. Everything in the slow-aging super-categeory including anything that is not intermittent & repeatable. So mTOR AMPK GLP-1 all lifestyle optimization (diet exercise etc.) & mimetics anything that slows down progression of age-related changes (eg cholesterol lowering making proteins less susceptible to misfolding without fixing those that have already misfolded making new ECM cross-links less likely without fixing the ones that are already there etc.). Note that because the body has its own"
X Link 2025-05-11T22:04Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Whole body replacement does count as a replacement therapy but not as a SENS-philosophy therapy. The point of SENS style rejuvenation is to not need the whole body replacement because you rejuvenate the body (possibly by replacing part by part). Whole body replacement is a replacement for the SENS program. But finer grained replacement strategies (organs cells organelles) count as part of both replacement approaches to aging and rejuvenation (SENS-philosophy) approaches to aging. In a car analogy fixing (rejuvenating) the car may involve replacing parts like engine tire etc. but getting an"
X Link 2025-05-12T13:52Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"28 people have said no so far but despite several comments & discussion there's a real lack of any explanation from the no folks as to why not. What do 28% of people responding think makes the SENS approach not one of the viable strategies for the field"
X Link 2025-05-13T01:49Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"A practical point of convergence is cryopreservation of young organs for transplant. Replacing aged organs with young ones is mildly rejuvenative. Ideally growing genetically identical organs will be possible soon & replacements for major organs that can fail (eg heart) or get cancer all waiting in a cryobank for immediate transplant if needed. Meantime organ preservation obviously useful for current transplant practice"
X Link 2025-05-18T13:25Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@Biosynq_ai @cryodao @VitalistBay @emilkendziorra Philosophically rejuvenation (which is really that I was arguing for) & cryo both share the goal of completely avoiding age-related causes of death rather than just delaying them a bit"
X Link 2025-05-18T13:30Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"The phrasing "ideally something" is usually read to understood to mean that 'something' would be great if it happens not as a serious prediction. That said growing organoids from stem cells (iPSCs) is a very active area of work with a lot of progress. So is iPSC-based embryo models. I wouldn't be surprised to see initial organ replacements from these methods hit trials within a decade. And I consider that 'soon' on biotech timescales"
X Link 2025-05-19T22:04Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"A new and unexpected route to exit for preclinical aging/longevity biotech startups acquisition by the elephants of the subsector. At least I haven't noticed Altos (or Calico) acquire other startups before. If I've missed others let me know. https://longevity.technology/news/altos-labs-snaps-up-dorian-therapeutics/ https://longevity.technology/news/altos-labs-snaps-up-dorian-therapeutics/"
X Link 2025-05-23T16:23Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Does anyone offer full body MRI for health eval of all major joints Prenuvo & Ezra (& others) offer full body MRI for cancer plus a few other evals. Both claim to eval spine. But Prenuvo explicitly states they don't look at cartilage. Ezra normal scans don't do joints but their Blueprint / Ultimate scan does knees & hips. But not it seems shoulders or others (ankle wrist). One wonders if SI joint is covered by spine or by hip or gets missed between them. Does anyone do cartilage/ligament/tendon/osteophytes eval of both knees + both shoulders at the very least"
X Link 2025-05-28T23:46Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"@elimohamad I see no evidence from their website that they look at cartilage or osteophytes. Eg Google site: searches of the Qbio website for cartilage osteophytes or osteoarthritis all return zero results"
X Link 2025-06-09T17:42Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"LEV isn't a thing with a fixed year of arrival for all. People have to stop talking about it like that whether expressing the optimistic or pessimistic view. As more technologies to reverse diff aspects of the molecular aging process become avail gradually over many years later birth cohorts (people who are younger at the time) will benefit more than those who are older (later birth cohorts). It only makes sense to discuss what birth cohorts will make it to LEV not what year LEV "arrives""
X Link 2025-06-18T03:26Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"It's very clear people who will be [--] years old in [--] yrs are unlikely to make it to LEV. But to argue that someone born in 3yrs who turns 1yo in 4yrs is not going to see LEV achieved before they are old enough to get on that trajectory is a level of pessimism not warranted by any specific data currently at hand. The entire world can be dramatically diff in 50-60 years often in ways that are hard to foresee"
X Link 2025-06-18T03:30Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"I didn't say lifestyle gives age reversal. It affects rate of aging to the tune of 10-20 years diff over a lifetime. None of the things competing for healthspan Xprize are going to give everyone 20yrs of real age reversal either. Not even close. Xprize declaring a winner does not imply everyone gets [--] years younger. If Ray or you or anyone thinks that think again"
X Link 2025-06-18T22:08Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"It's also important to point out that we won't know LEV has been achieved except in retrospect. The first birth cohorts to make it will be right on the edge of not making it for decades as each new technology arrives just in the nick of time with no way to tell aheod of time whether the next breakthru will make it in time. It won't be for roughly a generation (certainly not for a decade or two at least) that anyone will be able to say with confidence that we have achieved it for the majority of the population"
X Link 2025-06-18T22:39Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@alexanderinse @jpsenescence That's a much lower bar and seems like there is a good chance of that. It's still misleading for anyone to sloppily & semantically imprecisely claim that they are confident LEV will be achieved in [--] years"
X Link 2025-06-18T22:41Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@MaxUnfried I'm not convinced this is the reason. Who is doing any ostracizing for this at this point 15-20yrs ago maybe. Aren't there are enough people on the side of radical effect sizes now to ostracize the ostracizes"
X Link 2025-06-20T14:03Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"No. "Damage accumulation" isn't a theory of aging that may or may not be THE right one. It's clearly true in the sense that intermediate step types of damage clearly do accumulate (& clearly can be fixed). Some aspects of any given type of damage may need tweaking/updating from time to time as science around it advances but there whole idea of damage repair isn't a theory-of-aging in the normal sense that there's an obvious way in which the thing as a whole can be proved 'wrong'. (Even if there are aspects of aging that are programmed or all of aging is.)"
X Link 2025-06-20T15:21Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"Also disagree that programmed aging means that the body will ramp up damage accumulation if damage gets repaired. It seems much more likely to me that any aging program evolved by evolution would take the simplest route by just injecting damage-accumulation that is sufficient in the absence of repair. It's unlikely in the absence of repair mechanisms that evolution would have evolved a complicated feedback mechanism capable of adjusting up damage accumulation in the face of repair mechanisms that clear it. And even if the body could do that that still doesn't mean that the engineered damage"
X Link 2025-06-20T15:25Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@olafurpall80 @jpsenescence @gladyshev_lab @aubreydegrey Ah maybe 4th poll option should have been we don't need new understanding but we need better tech for implementation. Important distinction since it would imply directing resources very differently"
X Link 2025-06-25T14:04Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@TSchmauck @MaxUnfried @jpsenescence @gladyshev_lab @aubreydegrey Few (no one) claims human CR can give 20+ extra yrs. Many in the field want full cures for aging which CR clearly isn't. Understanding it better doesn't help the end goal. There's limits how much metabolism tweaks can slow aging. Clearly can't fully halt it nor rejuvenate"
X Link 2025-06-25T16:40Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@aubreydegrey @timrpeterson @jpsenescence @MicahZoltu Tim this was a very surprising Q. I'd add to Aubrey's not-meant-to-be-exhaustive list the particularly notable example of epigenetic reprogramming (something unknown in the 2000s when initial SENS tx program sketched but compatible w/ the [--] damage types as supercategories)"
X Link 2025-06-25T22:05Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Science & engineering differ but touch & interact in many areas eg Computer Science & biotech. (Eg at my undergrad Princeton science majors got BA degrees but eng majors BSE. CS uniquely straddled the schools. CS majors got either degree.) Where are the lines between these @aubreydegrey @johnhemming4mp @timrpeterson @KarlPfleger @MicahZoltu The SENS hypothesis (or strategy/framework) that repairing certain forms of damage reverses aging. If disproving an hypothesis/theory is so hard to render it impractical or impossible then eg according to Popper its not a scientific theory anymore."
X Link 2025-06-26T18:19Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Which way should SENS or a general divide & conquer damage repair approach to rejuvenation be viewed Is it a theory of aging or an engineering paradigm Many in the aging field default to the former for any approach to the field but @aubreydegrey thinks of SENS as the latter"
X Link 2025-06-26T18:19Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"The SENS view would be that the question of the importance of reversing any given damage sub-type (slow age-related molecular change) for long-term health is a scientific question but the paradigm sits above these"
X Link 2025-06-26T18:19Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"Aubrey says it's a truism that the body is a molecular machine w/ function defined by its structure. It's also obvious to me that humanity is getting monotonically better at manipulating molecules"
X Link 2025-06-26T18:19Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Thus it's a series of paired science + engineering problems to identify age-related molecular changes scientifically investigate whether each is 'damage' (ie causally pro-aging/degeneration) & do the biotech engineering problem of how to reverse the change"
X Link 2025-06-26T18:19Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@Tesla How is this legal Did Tesla have local jurisdiction approval I thought only at level [--] autonomy & only approved for autonomous driving in Austin. Is it legal to drive public roads w/ no humans inside (autonomous or remotely piloted) In what jurisdictions is that legal"
X Link 2025-06-28T14:12Z [----] followers, 33.2K engagements
"@grok @lashgar @Tesla Wow this is right but it seems ludicrous. Texas passed a law (SB2205) that allows autonomous driving w/ no minimum bar for how safe the autonomous system is or how good it is at complying w/ traffic laws other than it just has to be "capable of complying" w/ traffic laws"
X Link 2025-06-29T04:22Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@grok @lashgar @Tesla (And has to be insured have recording functions & comply w/ any later federal standards but none yet I think.) So basically the autonomous system can be as bad a driver as a legally drunk driver & it's allowed to operate in Texas at least until it screws up too much"
X Link 2025-06-29T04:24Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@grok @lashgar @Tesla No legal requirement for it to demonstrate good driving to any standard (eg as good as the average human) or for any length of time as far as the LLMs summarizing SB2205 seems to suggest. (I just did several queries.) Wow"
X Link 2025-06-29T04:26Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@jpsenescence We've been over this before too How do we know which to target Any long lived ones or just all of them periodically. Their benefits require only transient existence. No yet known benefit of SnCs persisting. As we discussed in Sep'24 & Jun'24: https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1835366162999427430 @jpsenescence @kapahi_pankaj On your SnC benefits paper: nice bit of scholarship that IMO should have more clearly & earlier stressed distinction btwn transient SnCs vs long-lived ones as we discussed in https://t.co/jY0AzkMGTJ That paper doesn't diminish importance of periodic ablation"
X Link 2025-06-30T01:20Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@LidskyPeter @cccqimei I'm guessing he knows your high level position. I think he might be asking you to elaborate on why you think a divide & conquer damage repair program is incapable of curing aging or making substantial progress towards that end w/ development of technologies we have today"
X Link 2025-07-02T12:28Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"PS I also dislike when the image is used without also including the text name since then simple string search for the name (eg find-in-page or possibly search engines search) won't find it. Eg this is true on Healthspan Captial's portfolio page"
X Link 2025-07-03T21:11Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"I question the counts on this new top longevity investors list. Always frustrating when source data & longevity company criteria unclear. Alternative (& transparent) data can be found at Based on that I get the counts pictured. Elaboration below. http://AgingBiotech.info/investorsXcompanies/ ✨Top Longevity Investors Globally by Number of Investments The longevity sector is booming Here are the most active investors by deal count: 🔹 @GVteam (Google Ventures) 🔹 ARCH Venture Partners 🔹 @cascapital 🔹 Polaris Partners 🔹 Alexandria Venture Investments 🔹 https://t.co/1RuQdMBJ09"
X Link 2025-07-03T23:47Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"@DToddWhite Me too. Health wearables supplements. all huge industries but most of them not focused on aging/longevity/rejuvenation the way most people mean them"
X Link 2025-07-05T02:35Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@biogerontology @calvinyeoonx @LaurieGreen36 @ARDD_Meeting ARDD's a great conf & Copenhagen a nice city but too bad it's 1/3 of way around world from the highest concentration of credible aging biotech companies are: San Francisco (more generally California). ARDD is middle of the night for ground zero of longevity. Not everyone can go"
X Link 2025-07-09T21:04Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@mkaeberlein @LinusPeters Forget about DTC market's probs for a min. Consider clinical medical practice: Much evidence shows good methylation clocks (eg PCGrimAge) already better predictors of age-related-disease risk & mortality than chronological age right That the bar for actionable & useful"
X Link 2025-07-11T15:41Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Eg why does standard-of-care for CRC screening or Covid boosters have the age thresholds they have: Someone did a calc based on risk & those age thresholds minimized societal risk. But if we have a better predictor than age its use should reduce societal risk further. In other words for all the problems with methylation clocks chronological age is worse and is currently used clinically for both diagnostics & therapeutics (eg vaccines). Using a worse risk predictor than the best available should be expected to result in more aggregate death & disease. A similar argument can be made about"
X Link 2025-07-11T15:47Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@johnhemming4mp @mkaeberlein @LinusPeters Too vague I gave [--] specific examples (CRC screens Covid boosters & trial group balancing) & an algorithm. How could you show that colonoscopies at [--] is better than at [--] or [--] How could you show that using age45 is better than using PCGrimAge45 as the threshold"
X Link 2025-07-11T20:24Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"PSA: Don't watch the Project Hail Mary movie trailer if you haven't read the book my favorite novel. Read the book 1st or do the audiobook superbly performed by Ray Porter. This story deserves 16hr format not 2-3hr or 3min. The trailer spoils mysteries better uncovered slowly"
X Link 2025-07-16T15:22Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@LinusPeters It's an unfortunate quirk of fiction that the route by which most stories have villains seek life extensions is via some mechanism that only works for [--] or a few people. The stories of rejuvenation technology that can scale to the masses is the exception esp among blockbusters"
X Link 2025-07-18T20:47Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@elonmusk @grok @LaRaunce1 @davidasinclair @DeaconGlover1 @lifebiosciences Elon there's a huge amount of very interesting stuff going on in the aging field but this is but a small clinical step for [--] therapeutic approach which people are applying misleading phrasing to: Instead here's some other interesting stuff. (1/2) https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1949636212937113980 @davidasinclair @lifebiosciences A post started w/ misleading sensationalism (my reply: https://t.co/mmxcK1EfCV) amplified w/ more misleading semantics. Epigenetic reprogramming is one of the most exciting areas of the aging"
X Link 2025-07-28T01:08Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"(2/2) Rubedo started ph1 trials for its senolytics. Juvena & Immunis staretd ph1 & [--] for stem-cell-secretion therapies. Scalable stem cell therapies have started getting FDA approval. The 1st misfolded protein pathology has multiple approvals. And in general there are over a dozen ph3 trials in progress for therapies that meaningfully treat core aspects of aging that contribute to multiple age-related diseases. See (which includes link to a 14min overview talk) https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1922658357481005230 https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1922658357481005230"
X Link 2025-07-28T01:13Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"2. Aging studies want to use accelerated aging models to find big effect sizes w/ lower cost & faster readout but only interventions w/ benefits in diverse different accelerated aging models should be believed to be true aging interventions. GLP1 drugs haven't met this bar yet"
X Link 2025-08-05T15:33Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"3. The n in this study was arguably a bit small for the current level of trust in epigenetic aging clocks"
X Link 2025-08-05T15:33Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@AlexLongevity1 Of course I wasn't advocating blind kitchen-sink combine-everything. That's never been the SENS strategy nor the working plan of anyone pushing SENS-like divide & conquer approaches"
X Link 2025-08-11T22:27Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@agingdoc1 Your question is conceptually sloppy: LEV achievement isn't a specific year it's a year for a given birth cohort (or for a given age of people in that year). https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1775280222675611895 @f2yHyhzLxd86489 Year of achievement of LEV will differ by birth year. There'll be a transition period where enough advances have happened for the folks then young but not those then old. Any guess on year for any birth cohort will have huge confidence intervals. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1775280222675611895 @f2yHyhzLxd86489 Year of achievement of LEV will differ by"
X Link 2025-08-12T14:08Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@agingdoc1 That isn't true LEV. At best it could be called a weak form: short-term consistent w/ concept but not what most people want & mean by LEV. LEV requires 3yrs. A few breakthrus don't guarantee more breakthrus. Real LEV can only be confirmed in retrospect. https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1935467451405545643 @jpsenescence It's also important to point out that we won't know LEV has been achieved except in retrospect. The first birth cohorts to make it will be right on the edge of not making it for decades as each new technology arrives just in the nick of time with no way to tell aheod"
X Link 2025-08-12T18:38Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Why What need is there for objective criteria of LEV achievement Technological breakthroughs are inherently hard to predict. If we get an amazing advance & suddenly old people can be fully rejuvenated to young adult health then we can say achieved yay. But more likely we'll discover a set of technologies that can fix the easiest-to-fix sub-pathologies of aging including some of the ones that advance fastest & thus are most lifespan-limiting & this will extend lifespans a tiny bit. After we have tech good enough to at least mitigate somewhat most of the most aggressively life-limiting"
X Link 2025-08-12T20:27Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"@MatttBuckley @FoundersPodcast @InvestLikeBest @dwarkesh_sp @cowenconvos There's still running cycling lifting walking & ironically even though we've had dishwashers for decades doing dishes cause dishwashers just can't seem to do it all"
X Link 2025-08-30T20:20Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Using lifespan achieved to measure progress of the aging/longevity field is like measuring human progress to get to the moon during the Apollo program era in terms of height (distance from surface) achieved. It hides huge amounts of progress"
X Link 2025-09-11T21:29Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"@johnhemming4mp @MicahZoltu This is true in places but I'd say the worse problem (as Aubrey has consistently pointed out & as is indicated by the SENS acronym) is that some of the aging problem is well enough understood now to be mostly an engineering problem but that isn't acknowledged widely enough"
X Link 2025-09-12T16:00Z [----] followers, [--] engagements
"OA is hard. Often said there's no disease-modifying treatment (ignoring Cartistem). Few tx in trials do more than lessen pain. But [--] that gets missed is Cynata Therapeutics' allogeneic MSC phase3 SCUlpTOR trial Au/NZ trial registry but not US registry. 4/7 https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspxACTRN=12620000870954 https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspxACTRN=12620000870954"
X Link 2025-09-12T20:30Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Both of these now added to the phase [--] trials & approvals list that is the top row DB of meta-list. 5/7 http://AgingBiotech.info/trials http://AgingBiotech.info/trials"
X Link 2025-09-12T20:30Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Even if these are small successes if viewed zoomed out to the full scale of the aging problem they are nonetheless at the vanguard of the clinical success that's just starting in earnest for the aging/longevity field which I've spoken about before: 7/7 https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1922658357481005230 One of the most exciting thing happening in the aging/longevity field that too few people discuss is that the aggregate pipeline of the entire sector has hit the exciting point where things are trickling thru to FDA approval & many more are on the way. My talk recently posted."
X Link 2025-09-12T20:30Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@davidasinclair Go ahead and say Longevity Escape Velocity (LEV). Use your reach to help make it a more mainstream concept & phrase"
X Link 2025-09-18T15:14Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Just because progress is unpredictable doesn't invalidate the concept of trying not to artificially shorten one's life. Any deviation from optimal use of what's available already including lifestyle optimization that shortens life or advances age relative to what could have been achieved risks missing out on breakthroughs that become available in the window that one could have benefited from. This was the point of David's original generically-worded post. But to what Adam said LEV isn't a justification to latch onto any new tiny incrementally helpful new thing. Effect size matters. So far"
X Link 2025-09-19T15:07Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Longevity Escape Velocity (LEV) A clearly proper concept that too-often leads to misconceptions. Let's clear up a few misconceptions. And especially note one aspect of the analogy that fails. Let's review the basic concept the analogy to escape velocity. The similarities:"
X Link 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [----] engagements
"Gravity pulls objects down. Aging pulls health down. Objects accelerating up can reach a speed where they rise more than fall escaping crashing to the ground. Organisms can with advancing biotech reach a state where health improves more than declines escaping aging's effects"
X Link 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"The big problem w/ LEV as a phrase is where the analogy breaks down: Once escape velocity is reached escape is then inevitable barring interference. No further effort (acceleration) is required. But there's no conservation of momentum analog for biotechnological progress rate"
X Link 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Further scientific & technological advances are always needed for further medical progress against aging. What's even worse breakthroughs aren't guaranteed on a schedule. Rocket acceleration is predictable so long as there is fuel. Biotech advances to counter aging are not"
X Link 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"This has consequences for the way one should conceive of & talk about LEV. The basic idea is unchanged: That advances may extend lifespans so that people able to benefit from those advances may then see more advances in the time they otherwise wouldn't have had"
X Link 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"The later advances may extend lifespans enough to see more. Etc. until aging is a negligible factor in mortality/lifespans. But advances may come in many forms. Eg may extend lifespans of the young more than the old. May cure some aspects of aging but not others. So:"
X Link 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"There's no single date in which LEV starts. When an advance comes the young may benefit but be too late for the already old. It makes more sense to talk about achieving LEV for people born a specific year or people with biological age X at the time of the advance"
X Link 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Because timing of future advances are uncertain we can never know that LEV has even started. We'll only know in retrospect once all the necessary advances have happened that LEV was achieved"
X Link 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"We might know that progress potentially consistent with LEV has been achieved if remaining expected lifespans begin to extend faster than time passes but that won't be a guarantee of continuation of the necessary advances at the necessary rate"
X Link 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"The only way we will be able to be confident of LEV being achieved without waiting a long time for actuarial data is if comprehensive rejuvenation to young adult or at most middle age biology is achieved to the best of technology's ability to distinguish bio state & function"
X Link 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Many people believe LEV is inevitable given that biology is just molecules. Others don't even think it's possible eventually. I'm in the inevitable eventually camp. But it's sloppy to discuss questions like what year will LEV be achieved. IMO it won't be next year or decade"
X Link 2025-09-19T21:56Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"@adamgries @davidasinclair More thoughts on LEV: https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158754881945906 Longevity Escape Velocity (LEV) A clearly proper concept that too-often leads to misconceptions. Let's clear up a few misconceptions. And especially note one aspect of the analogy that fails. Let's review the basic concept the analogy to escape velocity. The similarities: https://x.com/KarlPfleger/status/1969158754881945906 Longevity Escape Velocity (LEV) A clearly proper concept that too-often leads to misconceptions. Let's clear up a few misconceptions. And especially note one aspect of the"
X Link 2025-09-19T21:58Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
"Discusses that there's growing pressure to change public health messaging to relax the total sun avoidance messaging that has dominated in recent decades"
X Link 2025-09-22T20:01Z [----] followers, [---] engagements
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